Dentistry Procedure

Dental Cavities in Adults - Symptoms and Treatment

Did you know that cavities and tooth decay are among the most common health issues in the world? Yes, cavities are more common in children, teenagers, and older adults. If left untreated, cavities become larger and harm deeper layers of your teeth, causing severe tooth infection and sometimes, resulting in tooth loss.

How is cavity or tooth decay formed? 

We all have bacteria in our mouths. After eating or drinking foods containing sugar, bacteria in our mouth turns this sugar into acid. Plaque forms on your teeth shortly after you consume sugary foods or beverages. This Plaque sticks to your teeth and the acid in plaque slowly erodes tooth enamel. Enamel is a hard, protective coating on our teeth that protects against tooth decay. The chances of tooth decay increase as your tooth enamel weakens. Both the exterior coating of a tooth known as enamel and the inner layer known as dentin can be affected by decay.

Symptoms you have been suffering from tooth decay - 

Depending on the tooth decay extent and location, the signs and symptoms of cavities vary. At the very beginning of tooth decay, you may not experience any symptoms. However, as the decay gets larger, you will experience and notice the following signs or symptoms - 

• Toothache 

• Visible holes in the teeth 

• Tooth sensitivity 

• You may experience mild or severe pain while eating or drinking something hot or cold,

• Black, brown or white staining on any surface of a tooth 

• Bleeding gums 

We advise you not to ignore these symptoms and visit your dentist at the earliest to diagnose the case. Earlier detection can prevent the condition from getting worse. 

Are dental cavities only experienced by Children? 

There is a wide misconception that only children are prone to cavities. If you too are of the same opinion, it’s time to drop it! Cavities are an adult problem too. As we age, our gums tend to pull away from our teeth, exposing the roots of the teeth to plaque. Consuming a lot of sugary or high-carb foods will make you highly vulnerable to being affected by cavities. 

At times, older adults suffer from tooth decays due to fillings they may have - fillings can weaken teeth and break. Bacteria can gather in the gaps and cause decay. 

It’s actually very simple - if you have teeth, you’re at risk for cavities!

Risk factors for cavities or tooth decay in adults - 

• Sticky Food: Foods like sugar, soda, milk, ice cream, cereal, and chips are more likely to stick to your tooth surface and cause decay. 

• Poor brushing: Irregular brushing or not brushing after eating can cause plaque formation. 

• Lack of fluoride: Fluoride is a mineral found in toothpaste, mouthwash, and some tap water - It helps to prevent cavities and can reverse early tooth damage. 

• Dry mouth: If you are suffering from dry mouth, consult a dentist. Saliva is a very important part of our mouth as it washes away food and plaque from our teeth and helps prevent tooth decay. 

• Acid reflux or (GERD): Having acid reflux can force stomach acid into your mouth and wear down your teeth, causing cavities. 

• Tooth location: Decay most often occurs in your back teeth (molars and premolars), because these teeth have numerous grooves and multiple roots that can store food particles. And hence, they're harder to keep clean and can have plaque formation stuck for long turning into cavities. 

• Worn fillings or dental devices: Over the years, dental fillings can weaken or develop rough edges. This allows plaque to build up easily around it and makes it harder to remove. 

Treatment for tooth decay or cavities 

Treatment for tooth decay or cavity depends on how severe the cavity is. While most of the time, the dentist will only need to remove the cavity, other times, your dentist may want to go ahead with the following treatment options as required - 

• Dental Filling: A filling made of a silver alloy, gold, porcelain, or composite resin is filled into the hole after the cavity is removed. These materials are safe and are approved by ADA. 

• Crowns: When a tooth is badly decayed and there’s no healthy enamel left, dentists use crowns. The damaged part is treated and repaired and then the dentist will fit a crown made from gold, porcelain, or porcelain fused to metal over the remaining part of the tooth. 

• Root canal: If the root or pulp is dead or injured in a way beyond repair - your dentist will advise you to undergo root canal therapy. In this procedure, the dentist will remove the decayed portions of the tooth, the dead nerve, blood vessels, and tissue, and fill in the roots with a sealing material. You may require a crown over the filled tooth. 

Talk to your dentist or the best dental doctors in Bangalore about the best treatment option.

How to Prevent Tooth Decay or Cavities? 

The best advice we can give you, which will not only save your tooth but also save multiple trips to the dentist is maintaining good oral and dental hygiene - Besides, try these 

• After drinking or eating, brush your teeth with fluoride toothpaste

• Rinse your mouth after eating or drinking 

• Visit your dentist regularly

• Consider dental sealants - protective plastic coating applied to the chewing surface of back teeth - Want to know more? Reach out to us 

• Avoid frequent snacking and sipping 

• Eat tooth-healthy foods

• Try dentist recommended special antibacterial mouth rinses 

Adults who have dental fillings from childhood are highly susceptible to developing cavities around the edges of the old fillings. If you have not visited a dental clinic in the last 6 months, it’s time to book your dental appointment today!

All You Need To Know About Wisdom Tooth Removal

Are you advised for wisdom tooth removal? Worried about the procedure? We have you covered!

The four wisdom teeth or the molars, located at the far end of the jaw are the last molars. These teeth generally appear between the ages of 17 - 25. Did you know - some people never develop wisdom teeth? 

Wisdom teeth are not always problematic, for some, these molars erupt normally — just as their other molars did and cause no problems. 

When they erupt without any problems, healthy wisdom teeth can be a valuable asset to your mouth. 

But most of the time, the wisdom tooth appears to be either crooked or impacted or one lying perpendicular to the teeth roots. Sometimes, even if erupted properly, the cavity can form on the innermost side of the tooth. 

If a wisdom tooth is impacted or in other words doesn't have room to grow - there will be pain and discomfort which will eventually result in the development of infection or other dental problems. In most of these cases, you will be advised to extract or pull out the wisdom tooth. Wisdom tooth extraction will be done by a dentist or an oral surgeon.

Why extract an impacted wisdom tooth? 

While an impacted wisdom tooth may cause pain and infection, an impacted wisdom tooth may also: 

• It may grow irregular and cause dental problems; might grow 

  • at an angle toward the next tooth (second molar) 

  • at an angle toward the back of the mouth 

  • at a right angle to the other teeth, as if the wisdom tooth is "lying down" within the jawbone 

  • straight up and down like other teeth, but they're stuck inside the jawbone

• Food can be stuck or trapped behind the wisdom tooth 

• Damage to a nearby tooth or surrounding bone 

• Infection or gum disease (periodontal disease) 

• Tooth decay in a partially erupted wisdom tooth 

• Development of cyst near the wisdom tooth 

• If you need to straighten teeth, there might be complications with orthodontic treatments to straighten other teeth

What happens during wisdom tooth removal?

The entire wisdom tooth removal procedure might take up to 45 mins to an hour more. In rare cases, it might go beyond the stated time depending on the complexity. 

A brief overview on the wisdom tooth removal procedure - 

• Sedation: You might receive sedation through intravenous (IV) sedation or nitrous oxide (laughing gas). With nitrous oxide, you will be fitted with a mask that fits over your nose to inhale the sedative, allowing you to be awake but remain relaxed. IV will be administered through your arm, using a needle - a sedative throughout the surgery. IV sedation is generally considered the most comfortable option since you are unlikely to remember the procedure afterwards. 

• Numbing: Local anaesthesia is administered to numb the wisdom teeth and their surrounding tissues with a local anaesthetic. 

• Bone and Tissue removal: Any gum tissue that covers the area where the wisdom tooth is present is removed to access the tooth. A wisdom tooth that is impacted may be completely or partially covered by bone. If this is the case, the surgeon needs to remove the bone covering the tooth. Once the impacted wisdom tooth appears, a variety of surgical instruments are utilised to carefully release it from any connective tissue in the socket. To make removal easier, the surgeon may split the tooth into parts.

• Tooth removal: Once the wisdom tooth is loose, the surgeon will use surgical instruments specially designed to fully remove the tooth. 

After the Surgery 

Once you are out of sedation and anaesthesia, you will be monitored. The dentist will give you gauze to bite down on in order to assist the blood clot in the area.

Once you are all stable, you will be allowed to go home. The doctor will inform you of the guidelines you need to follow for aftercare. 

What does the wisdom tooth recovery phase look like? 

The surgeon will advise you the following for the first 24 hours after the wisdom tooth surgery: 

• Do not use mouthwash 

• No alcohol consumption 

• Avoid rinsing your mouth vigorously 

• Avoid brushing your teeth next to the extraction site

• Use a soft manual toothbrush 

• Avoid smoking during the healing process

There will be some pain, bleeding, and swelling for a few days post-surgery. You may not be able to open your mouth completely, try to consume food that is soft and easier to chew.

While you are healing, make sure to keep a watch on the below symptoms and contact your surgeon immediately - 

• Severe pain 

• Pain in the socket radiating down the neck or up the head 

• Visible bone in the extraction site 

• Foul smell or a bad taste in the mouth 

• Excessive bleeding 

For any further queries, reach out to us!

Tooth Decay in Children - As a parent, what do you need to know

Tooth Decay or Cavities are one of the most chronic infectious diseases of childhood. We come across some parents who ignore the early symptoms of tooth decay thinking they are baby teeth and the child will eventually lose these teeth. Do not make that mistake. If tooth decay is left untreated in children, baby teeth will be lost too early causing the teeth that are left to move and not leave any room for adult teeth to come in or worse it can cause pain and infections that may lead to problems with speaking, chewing, eating and learning. 

Remember as a parent, you need to make sure your child’s oral hygiene is well maintained. Baby teeth are very important, if tooth decay is not prevented, it can lead to life-threatening infections during childhood or in the future. 

What causes tooth decay in a child? 

Tooth decay starts with Plaque - Plaque is a sticky substance that covers teeth, and it forms when bacteria in the mouth combine with food, acid, and saliva. Tooth decay takes place when a buildup of dental plaque along with the bacteria, eats tooth enamel and causes a hole.

Tooth decay is majorly triggered by foods containing carbohydrates (sugars and starches) - foods such as soda, milk, cake, candy, fruit juices and bread. When these are left on the teeth, the bacteria that normally live in the mouth changes these foods, making acids. The combination of bacteria, acid, food and saliva form a substance known as plaque that sticks to the teeth. Over time, the bacterial acids eat away at the tooth enamel, resulting in cavities.

Children do not know what oral hygiene is unless they are taught young until they pick the right habits, it’s very important for parents or caretakers to make sure your child is brushing his/her teeth regularly; if they are below the age of knowing how to brush you need to make sure you help them.

Sometimes, tooth decay occurs when plaque and food particles aren’t removed from in between teeth. Parents need to help their children floss their teeth. 

How are cavities in kids treated?

When children suffer from tooth decay, a dentist will make sure to save the tooth as losing a premature tooth can cause the permanent tooth to erupt incorrectly or cause pain and dental problems. During the procedure of treating cavities in children, the dentist removes the tooth decay and fills the hole with a dental filling (white composite or metal material). Fillings can be done on permanent teeth, as well as on baby teeth. 

In cases of severe tooth decay, the dentist might recommend a dental crown, which is typically silver in colour. In some cases, if the tooth is badly damaged or infected, the tooth may need an extraction. If your dentist extracts the tooth, they’ll keep the gap open with a space maintainer, which helps permanent teeth grow correctly.

During this entire procedure, it’s not easy for a child to sit through the pain - most dentists will use nitrous oxide or laughing gas to help children ease during the procedure. Talk to your dentist, before the procedure - Some dentists may also administer an injection to numb the gums, or orally sedate the child before the procedure. 

If the cavity is one small cavity, the procedure might require only one seating - However, if the child has multiple cavities, the appointments will be broken down and might require multiple seatings.

What are the signs and symptoms of tooth decay in a child? 

Here are some of the symptoms your child might experience as a result of tooth decay. However, each child is different and can show different symptoms. 

• Once the enamel starts to break down, white spots begin to form on the teeth on the affected area. 

• When an early cavity appears on the tooth, it will have a light brown colour.

• Deeper cavities will have a darker shade of brown or black. 

• Pain in the area around the tooth 

• Sensitivity to certain foods hot or cold drinks 

• Bleeding gums 

• Irritation and inability to eat well 

What do Parents do to prevent tooth decay or cavities in Children? 

For Babies - 

• Wipe gums with a soft and clean cloth twice a day, after the first feeding and right before bed, to remove bacteria and sugars that can cause cavities.

• When teeth come in, start brushing twice a day with a soft, small bristled toothbrush and plain water.

• Once your baby is a year old, visit the dentists to spot signs of problems early.

• As soon as the first teeth appear, check and talk to your dentist about applying fluoride varnish on your child’s teeth.

• Never put your child to bed with a bottle or food in his or her mouth - this not only exposes your child's teeth to sugars but also puts your child at risk of choking.

For Children - 

• Floss your child’s teeth every day after age 2. 

• Brush your child’s teeth twice a day with fluoride toothpaste. 

• Make sure your child consumes a well-balanced diet.

• Limit your child's consumption of sweet or sticky foods such as candy, gummies, soda, cookies.

• Teach your child to gargle immediately after food 

• Teach them the importance of oral health.

Tooth decay in children can be prevented if the above ways are followed. Talk to your child's doctor or Pediatric Dentist in Bangalore if you see any sign of decay in your child's teeth. With the right care, your child can grow up to have healthy teeth and a beautiful smile

Teething Syndrome: When Do Babies Start Teething

Teething is the process by which a baby's teeth erupt. We usually term it as a breakthrough. Teeth develop at the age between 6 to 24 months. The first set of primary teeth occur when the child is almost 3 years old. The first primary set of teeth includes 20 teeth.

Teething is a tough phase, for both parents and the child. Taking care of your child’s oral health from infancy onward is the best way to maintain oral health for life! 

While this phase of teething is difficult, it is not unmanageable. Wondering how you can help your child during the teeth process? There are ways you can use to help your child get more comfortable during the teething process. You can take care of this at home, but if there are signs that seem unusual, you must visit a paediatrician.

Let’s understand the baby teething timeline - 

Babies are born with all of their teeth beneath their gums. These teeth emerge from the gums in stages.

• Around 3 - 6 Months: During this period, you may find the baby drooling and showing signs of discomfort. That does not always mean a tooth is about to erupt. It can also mean that the baby is showing signs of early teething and gum sensitivity early on. Make sure to focus on comforting the pain during this period.

• 6 -12 Months: This is typically the time the First Tooth will arrive. The first tooth to arrive will be one of the bottom front teeth, followed by the four front upper teeth (central and lateral incisors). 

• 12 Months: This is the time the molars will start making their way. Remember, molars can also be very painful, so parents may notice the baby having the same symptoms as they did during the 3 - 6 months period such as excessive drooling and irritability. Canines — the teeth between incisors and molars, will also appear around this time.

• 12 - 36 Months: Children have two sets of molars, so once the first set appears around age 1, it’s time for the second set to make their way through as they approach age 2. By the age of 3, most of the teeth will have erupted. 

2-3 years is not the standard age, but an average. There are some children who may get their full sets of teeth after 2 years of age and there are some who may have delayed eruption. Consult your paediatric accordingly.

Teething Symptoms in Babies

Every infant has different symptoms during teething. However, the most common symptoms are as follows:

• Mild irritability

• Lack of appetite

• Drooling

• Chewing on solid objects

• Mild fussiness and crankiness

• Sore and tender gums

• Red and swollen gums 

In rare cases, the child may not have any symptoms, which is normal. What’s not normal is having the above symptoms along with a high fever or diarrhoea or rash.

If your baby has any of these symptoms while teething and continues to be cranky and uncomfortable, it is best to immediately consult your paediatrician. 

If you are looking for the best hospital for teething syndrome in Bangalore, then contact us we have the best pediatric dentist who offers the best teething syndrome treatment in Bangalore.

How to soothe sore gums for babies? 

Consider the following simple tips if your teething baby seems to be in discomfort:

• To rub your baby's gums, use a clean finger or wet gauze. The pressure can ease the discomfort.

• Use a cold spoon or a chilled teething ring (do not use a frozen ring). This can soothe the baby's gums.

• If the baby is too cranky, visit your doctor. 

What treatments should I avoid for teething symptoms to be reduced? 

Providing the right comfort and treatment during teething is crucial. To keep your baby safe, avoid using:

• Over-the-counter remedies

• Avoid gels and teething tablets

• Avoid pain relievers

• Teething necklaces or anklets. These items carry a risk of choking or mouth injury and at times, an infection. 

A dental checkup is recommended for a child usually after 6 months or after the first tooth erupts. Having regular early checkups ensures your child’s teeth are developing in a healthy way, which will also prevent dental problems later in life.

At Sakra, you’ll find a team of best pediatric dentist in bangalore committed to taking care of your child’s teeth and entire oral health at every step.

Bleeding Gums: Causes and Treatment

Gum bleeding is common and most of the time, not very serious. Bleeding gums are inflamed or irritated pink tissue around the mouth which bleeds easily. After brushing or flossing, an individual may notice blood, such as blood on the toothbrush or in the sink which may irritate sensitive gums. Plaque or tartar buildup is the most common cause of bleeding gums. These substances promote the growth of bacteria along the gum line. However, it is important to note that sometimes, frequent bleeding gums can denote an underlying concern.

A few more reasons for frequent bleeding may include: 

• Periodontitis (an advanced form of gum disease) 

• Leukaemia (blood cancer) 

• Lack of clotting cells (platelets) 

• Vitamin deficiency 

Sign and symptoms of Bleeding Gums:

• A pink or red coloured stain on your toothbrush after brushing

• Seeing pink or red in chewing gums when you spit out

• Blood is visible on teeth or lips

• Blood traces can be seen when you spit out your saliva

• Mouth Sores 

• Lump on gums 

• Loose teeth or teeth appear longer

• Receding gums

• Excessive pain when chewing or eating crunchy foods

• Gum bleeding takes place only at night

What are the Causes of Bleeding Gums?

• Brushing teeth in a harsh or abrasive manner 

• Using a toothbrush with hard bristles

• Dentures or retainers which are not well-fitted 

• Bacterial infection in the tooth or gums

• Hereditary

• Use of Blood-thinning medicines

• Gum bleeding is also caused due to poor lifestyle choices such as poor eating habits.

• Consuming a lot of sugary foods like sweets, candies and not maintaining proper dental hygiene makes a way for bacteria growth and swollen gums

• Cigarette smoking irritates the gums and causes bleeding

• Gingivitis

• Periodontitis

• Diabetes

At Sakra, we care and understand your fears about your gum disease. We provide the best bleeding gums treatment in Bangalore thorugh pain-free laser technology. Book an appointment now.

Treatment for Bleeding Gums - How to stop bleeding gums? 

The main reason for bleeding gums is inadequate oral health care which leads to bleeding gums and if not taken care of, can cause major oral health concerns. There are ways that will help one to improve oral health care and vanish bleeding gums.

• Brushing regularly and Flossing Daily: First and foremost, one needs to take care of the toothbrush bristles - they need to be soft. Brushing twice a day, at least for 2 minutes will help stimulate your gums, it will strengthen the tissues and prevent bleeding gums. Flossing helps in removing plaque and food particles that are stuck under the gum line which could otherwise lead to bleeding gums. Improving flossing technique and replacing toothbrushes every two months will help to keep gums healthy.

• Avoid Tobacco and Smoking: Tobacco and smoking are one of the major causes of gum problems so avoiding them to stop bleeding gums is very important. The use of tobacco makes it harder for the body to fight plaque-formed bacteria.

• Regular Dental Visits: Regular dental cleaning at a dental clinic is very essential. This is because it cleans the plaque formation and tartar which cannot be done at home. By cleaning at a dental office your mouth tends to be more healthy. Professional cleaning by a dentist at least twice a year prevents gum disease at an early age.

• Maintaining a Balanced Lifestyle: Eating a nutritious and well-balanced diet is important. Eat foods that are rich in vitamin C and K like oranges, carrots, spinach, etc. Reducing anxiety and stress can also aid in the prevention of gum bleeding. Wondering how?

• Stress has a negative impact on the immune system, which weakens the body to such an extent that the body is unable to fight any gum infection which can lead to bleeding gums.

• Use of medications: Use antibiotics pills or antiseptic mouthwash to maintain your oral hygiene. In case the gums have become a little inflamed but are not bleeding, antibacterial mouthwash, toothpaste or oral gel can help you fight the onset of the infection and prevent bleeding gums. Consult your dental hygienist. 

Sakra is one of the best bleeding gums hospital in Bangalore. Our dental professionals will first examine and check the cause of the bleeding. They will diagnose and find if the bleeding is due to simple irritation or if there is an underlying concern. Based on the findings, our experts will formulate the treatment and inform you about the further steps to be taken.

Our dental professionals at Sakra will make sure to provide you with the best dental treatments to help you ease your bleeding gums and inflammation. Do not miss out on your next dental appointment.

Looking for a top dental specialist in Bangalore for all your dental needs? We are right here!

Dental Veneers: Types, Procedure And Benefits

Veneers are a great way to improve your smile, especially if your teeth are chipped, misaligned, discoloured or have gaps. Veneers are thin, tooth-coloured shell coverings that are placed over the front (visible) part of the tooth, changing their colour, shape, size, or length. They look like natural teeth and are made of either porcelain or composite resin material. They are a great option for patients seeking a natural appearance, long-lasting, affordable and stain-resistant. 

Porcelain Veneers are known to solve a wide range of dental issues, which include but are not limited to: 

• Uneven spaces or gaps between the teeth. 

• Misalignment of teeth or uneven teeth. 

• Permanent staining of teeth.

• Treats fractures in the natural tooth or fixes chipped tooth 

• Creates a uniform looking smile and brightens the teeth. 

Veneers are typically made of porcelain or composite resin material. Each type has its own set of advantages.

Porcelain Veneers are custom-made to fit on the tooth. They are strong and long-lasting and have a natural-looking surface. Also, less tooth enamel needs to be removed during the procedure and they do not stain easily. 

Composite veneers are fabricated in a dental laboratory and are bonded to the teeth with resin cement. Composite veneers are less expensive than porcelain veneers, but they do not last as long as porcelain veneers. Composite veneers last for almost 4-7 years.

Porcelain veneers are relatively expensive, but they are beneficial in terms of durability. They last for almost 10-15 years. 

Dental Veneers Procedure 

• Examination and treatment planning: During this appointment, your dentist will examine your teeth to make sure dental veneers are the best option for you. They will further discuss the procedure, risks, post-treatment care, etc. X-rays or impressions of the mouth are taken at this stage.

• Preparation: To prepare the tooth for a veneer, the tooth surface will have to be reshaped. The dentist may need to remove half a millimetre of enamel from the tooth surface, which is equal to the veneer thickness that will be replaced. Mild anaesthesia will be given to numb the area. Next, the dentist will take an impression and send it to the laboratory which will create or make the veneer. It takes around 2-3 weeks for the veneers to arrive at the dental clinic from the lab. During this period some top dentist in Bangalore may offer temporary veneers.

• Bonding: To prepare your tooth for the veneer, it will be cleaned and polished to ensure a strong bonding process. The dentist will apply acid gel to the teeth before placing the veneers, which will create a rough surface.

Next, a special kind of cement is applied to the veneer and placed on the tooth. The dentist will then use intense heat (curing light) or pressure on the veneer, to increase the strength of the material so that it becomes hard quickly.

Finally, the dentist will remove any excess cement, and make any necessary adjustments. You may need to make a follow-up visit to check your veneers and your gums.

Sakra is one of the leading dental clinics in Bangalore, we have expert dental surgeons who offer the best treatment for fractured teeth in Bangalore. 

Dental Veneer Benefits or Advantages of using Dental Veneers

• Natural-looking appearance

• Porcelain Veneers have stain restraint qualities

• They are durable and long-lasting

• The procedure is quick and painless

• Less chance of using anaesthesia

• The maintenance or care is not much required; provided there is good oral hygiene maintained.

• Can customise the colour to match your teeth shade

• They usually don’t require as much shaping as crowns do, yet they are stronger and look better

Are there any risks involved with Dental Veneers? 

Just like everything, Veneers have certain risks too:

• The process cannot be undone.

• Veneers can dislodge and fall off, although this is very unlikely. Avoid biting your nails, chewing on pencils, ice or other hard objects, also, clenching and grinding of teeth can chip veneers.

• Veneers usually cannot be repaired if they crack or chip.

• Some people may experience tooth sensitivity as enamel has been removed. 

Things to keep in mind before you get veneers:

• Gums and teeth must be healthy.

• For patients who clench or grind their teeth, veneers are not a good choice as they can chip or break. Talk to your dentist about the concern before going ahead with the procedure.

• The procedure once started cannot be undone - For example - The removal of tooth enamel.

• Veneers are not permanent and it is possible for veneers to come loose over time.

• As with all your dental procedures and treatments, discuss all your expectations and treatment options with your dentist.

• Regular dental visits are essential for maintaining the health of your teeth and gums.

Maintaining good oral hygiene is the key to the longevity of the veneers. If you are looking for Dental Veneers treatment or Aesthetic Porcelain Veneers treatment in Bangalore or you have any concerns over the treatment, head to Sakra World Hospital.

Crooked Teeth Causes and Treatment Options

Crooked or misaligned teeth are very common. Do you ever look at somebody with perfectly straight teeth and question how lucky they are to have perfectly straight teeth with a beautiful smile? 

Well, we are here to tell you that luck doesn't have anything to do with those perfectly aligned teeth. We understand that a beautiful smile is something every person loves flaunting, it’s a part of our personality. Having crooked, misaligned or overlapping teeth can not only flash a poor smile but at times can affect our confidence too. 

However, there is no need to live with it! Crooked, misaligned teeth can be fixed through various orthodontic treatments. Unlike decades ago, where there were a few traditional options available, today advanced dental technologies have made it possible to have more than one option available to give you that perfect smile with minimum pain and much quicker results than before. 

Before we need to understand the various treatment options, let us understand the causes of crooked teeth and the impact they can have on our oral health. 

What causes crooked teeth? 

Teeth can either come in crooked or they can become crooked. Having crooked baby teeth does not guarantee that your child will have crooked permanent teeth. However, if baby teeth grow crowded, the permanent teeth may become crowded as well. Here are a few reasons why teeth grow crooked:

• Thumb and Tongue Sucking: The pressure from the thumb consistently applied to the still-growing gums can cause the teeth to grow crooked, especially outwards. Children who constantly suck on their thumbs are more prone to having crooked teeth. Tongue thrusting has the same effect on the teeth as thumb sucking and can result in misaligned bites, especially an overbite.

• Jaw Size: Studies show that evolved smaller jaw sizes are responsible for crowded or crooked teeth. The reason for smaller jaws is our modern diet which requires less chewing compared to the food consumed by our ancestors. This change has probably altered our jaw size. Misaligned jaws cause issues like overbite and underbite. In an overbite, the upper set of teeth projects over the lower teeth, and in an underbite, the lower set of teeth projects over the upper teeth.

• Genetics: If crooked teeth run in the family, children are likely to have crooked permanent teeth too despite following good oral care habits.

• Poor Dental Care: Not having proper oral hygiene - regular brushing, flossing and dental check-up can cause problems like gum disease and cavities, which when left untreated, can result in crooked teeth and other dental health issues.

Other causes include facial injury and poor nutrition.

Sakra World is one of the best orthodontic treatment clinics in Bangalore. Our highly experienced Orthodontists from the top dental institutions are committed to providing the best crooked teeth treatment.
Crooked teeth not only affect your aesthetics but can also cause other oral and overall complications like pain while eating or inability to chew food properly which can cause indigestion. It can affect your speech and affect the way you articulate sound.

Additionally, crooked teeth are difficult to clean and can hence lead to oral diseases like periodontitis and severe periodontitis can cause bone and tooth damage. Crooked teeth can also cause excessive wear and tear on the teeth, gums and jaw muscles, which can lead to temporomandibular joint disorder, cracked teeth or jaw strain.

Like we said, if you are having crooked teeth and are not comfortable with them, you do not have to live with them! There are several treatment options that you can discuss with a dentist or orthodontist and understand the procedures or the treatments.

1. Braces

• Metal Braces: Fixed metal braces are stainless steel brackets and wires that attach to your teeth with rubber bands and flexible wire. Mostly opted by people who have complex dental alignment issues.

• Ceramic Braces: Ceramic braces are similar to metal braces, although they are more prone to staining and could break easily. They use clear or tooth-colored brackets.

• Invisible Braces: Invisible braces, like Invisalign, are best for those who find the idea of metal braces and brackets too unattractive. Invisalign is a cutting-edge method of teeth straightening. These aligners are comfortable, removable and invisible. They are worn over your teeth and customized as per your requirement.

There are no brackets or metal wires to tighten, they just gradually and gently shift the teeth into position. These clear plastic aligners help give you a perfect smile without anyone knowing that you are straightening your teeth.

2. Teeth-Straightening Surgery 

Surgical procedures for straightening teeth are another option. If the reason for crooked teeth is due to overcrowding, surgery is recommended – Your orthodontist might suggest a minor surgical procedure designed to reposition the bones and gums that help hold your teeth in place - where the dental surgeon will extract the teeth that cause the crowding. If this results in gaps, dental implants will be used to fill them.

If you are looking for crooked teeth treatment in Bangalore, consult our team of the best Orthodontist in Bangaloreat Sakra World Hospital. We offer the best dental treatments in Bangalore.

Hyperdontia - Types, Causes, Treatment and Complications

We all know adults have 32 teeth. If you are an adult reading this, can you count your teeth now? Did you just count 33? Well, don’t panic. This is a condition known as Hyperdontia. 

Hyperdontia is a mouth condition that causes too many teeth to grow in the mouth or in other words, a condition where a person has extra teeth that grow around the other teeth. These extra teeth are also known as “supernumerary” teeth. The extra teeth appear especially where the teeth are attached to the jaw. This is not only related to adult teeth but baby teeth too. 

There are 20 teeth that grow when you’re a child. These are known as primary or deciduous teeth. As you adult, 32 adult teeth replace them and these adult teeth are called permanent teeth. With Hyperdontia, you can have extra primary or permanent teeth but having extra primary teeth are more common. 

In terms of looks, these teeth look the same most of the time or sometimes pop up in different shapes and sizes. Also, Hyperdontia is twice as common among males, compared with females. 

Types of Hyperdontia 

There are two different ways to classify Hyperdontia - based on shape and location.

Categorization based on shapes: 

• Supplemental: The extra tooth is shaped similar to the tooth that it grows next to.

• Tuberculate: Teeth have got more than one cusp are described as barrel-shaped teeth. At times the crown of the tooth may be invaginated.

• Compound Odontoma: The tooth can be identified as compound odontoma as there are several small tooth-like growths near each other.

• Complex Odontoma: Tooth-like tissue grows around an area in a disordered group.

• Conical Shaped: The tooth looks sharp at the top and is wide at the base. 

Locations of extra teeth include:

• Paramolar: An extra tooth grows next to one of the molars, in the back of the mouth.

• Distomolar: An extra tooth that grows in line with the other molars, rather than around them.

• Mesiodens: An extra tooth grows around or behind the four flat teeth at the front of the mouth ( incisors). The most common type of location-based Hyperdontia.

What causes Hyperdontia? 

There is no clear answer to what causes Hyperdontia. But it may develop due to genetic factors or other health concerns. Some are listed below:

• Gardner’s Syndrome: A disorder that causes non-cancerous growths to develop in different parts of the body. A predisposition for colorectal cancer. 

• Cleidocranial Dysplasia: With this hereditary condition, bones in the collar area and skull do not form properly.

• Cleft Lip and Palate: Congenital conditions that occur before the baby is born and affect how the mouth and lip are formed.

• Fabry Disease: A deficiency of the enzyme alpha-galactosidase causes this disorder. It can affect many parts of the body - skin, teeth, heart, kidneys, and brain.

• Nance-Horan Syndrome: A condition that results in cataracts and dental problems.

• Trichorhinophalangeal Syndrome: A congenital disorder that results in the malformation of bones and joints. Also causes problems with the growth and development of skin, teeth, and hair. 

Besides these, other genetic syndromes can also cause supernumerary teeth. But the presence of extra teeth can be an important clue for the doctors to facilitate early diagnosis of the other diseases.

Are there any complications related to Hyperdontia? 

The extra teeth can cause mild to severe complications. Some examples are - overcrowding and decay. Additionally, if the tooth tissue is left behind, it can mutate into a cyst or tumor. Complications related to Hyperdontia include:

• Gap between teeth

• Overcrowding or crooked teeth

• Delayed eruption of permanent teeth

• Pain and inflammation 

• Infections, such as gingivitis

• Impaction of permanent incisors

• Abnormal root formation

• Cystic lesions formation around the teeth 

If you notice extra teeth that are not in line with your surrounding teeth and are causing discomfort, make sure to check with your dentist or consult the best dental surgeons in Bangalore.

How is Hyperdontia treated?

Most of the cases of Hyperdontia don’t need treatment. However, based on the condition some require removal of the extra teeth. A dentist would recommend removing based on the following:

• Unable to chew properly

• Pain or discomfort due to overcrowding

• Unable to properly brush or floss, which could lead to decay or gum disease

• Feeling of discomfort or self-conscious about the way the extra teeth looks

• Underlying genetic condition 

If the extra tooth begins to interfere with your dental hygiene, such as delaying the eruption of permanent teeth, it is best to remove it. 

It is important to attend routine dental examinations as it may help a dentist spot Hyperdontia during a regular checkup or X-ray. Sakra World Hospital is the best dental clinic in Bangalore, having experienced dental surgeons who are experts in treating any kind of dental condition. For Hyperdontia treatment in Bangalore consult the best dental hospital near you.

If you have any questions, DM us on our social media handles. For other dental information, visit our blog section.

Suffering from tooth sensitivity? Here’s what you need to know

Are you experiencing dental discomfort when sipping on hot or ice-cold beverages? Do you find yourself bleaching while brushing or flossing? 

If you are, you are suffering from dentinal hypersensitivity or tooth sensitivity. 

Tooth sensitivity is an extremely common dental problem that affects children as well as adults. However, most of those who suffer from dental hypersensitivity are in the age group of 20-50 years. Certain activities like brushing, eating, or drinking hot or cold foods can cause sharp pain in your teeth if you have sensitive dental problems. 

This dental problem develops over time due to several reasons, with the most common being receding gums and enamel wear. Yes, sensitive teeth are generally the result of worn tooth enamel or exposed tooth roots (i.e., when the inner part of the tooth called dentin, is exposed). 

Thousands of microscopic tubules (small hollow tubes or canals) run through the dentine towards the centre of the tooth. When your dentin loses its enamel (protective covering) and becomes exposed, the tubules enable heat and cold foods to stimulate the cells and nerves within the tooth, resulting in the characteristic short, sharp sensation of tooth sensitivity. 

However, sometimes tooth sensitivity can be caused by other factors, such as a cracked or chipped tooth, acidic foods, a cavity, a worn filling, post certain dental procedures or gum disease. 

If you are experiencing any such dental problems, always consult your dentist for advice. Only a dentist can confirm you have dentinal hypersensitivity and the cause of the same. 

Let’s now look at some of the most common reasons for sensitive teeth problems or dental hypersensitivity.

What causes sensitive teeth?

1. Tooth Grinding 

Grinding your teeth can wear down tooth enamel. As seen above, worn enamel is one of the major reasons for sensitive teeth problems. By grinding your teeth, you expose the dentin, which contains the hollow tubes that lead to your nerves, causing external triggers to trigger sharp and sensitive pain. Try using a mouth-guard that can stop mouth grinding. Consult your dentist. 

2. Harsh Brushing Technique 

Brushing with too much force, especially when using a hard-bristled toothbrush can wear the protective layers of your teeth and expose the dental nerves. And as we now know, when these nerves are exposed to extreme temperatures or cold foods, tooth sensitivity and discomfort can occur. Switch to a toothbrush with softer bristles and practice gentle and mild brushing techniques.

3. Frequent use of mouthwash 

Some mouthwashes contain chemicals and alcohol. If the enamel has worn away, these chemicals can cause teeth sensitivity. Avoid using mouthwashes frequently, instead, get regular with flossing and brushing and occasional use of mouthwash. Alternatively, try neutral fluoride rinses. 

4. Post-Dental Procedure 

It’s normal to experience slight sensitivity after a tooth extraction, root canal, or crown placement. However, if these symptoms do not pass after a short period of time, you must visit your dentist, as it could be a sign of infection. 

5. Cracked Tooth 

A chipped or cracked tooth exposes the nerves inside a tooth, and you will experience increased tooth sensitivity. Also, extensive cracks can lead to pulp tissue infection, which can then spread to the bone and gums surrounding the tooth.

6. Gum Disease 

Receding gums are one of the causes of tooth sensitivity because of the death of supporting ligaments, which expose the root surface. If gum disease or gingivitis is the problem, your dentist will treat the underlying disease, which will eventually fix the tooth sensitivity problem. 

7. Acidic foods and beverages 

Acidic drinks and foods remove a small quantity of tooth enamel with time, exposing the nerve centre in the inner layer of your teeth. Acidic foods such as lemon, grapefruit, kiwi, and pickles can cause more teeth sensitivity problems. Consuming these within the desired limits can help avoid any tooth discomfort or tooth sensitivity. 

Besides this, plaque buildup, decay around the fillings can cause tooth sensitivity.

Sakra World Hospital is one of the best dental hospital in Bangalore, having a team of senior and highly experienced dentists who provide a wide range of dental and tooth sensitivity treatment in Bangalore.

How can you treat dentin hypersensitivity or Sensitive teeth problems? 

The treatment depends on the cause. It is very important to consult your dentist so that they can provide you with the details on the cause of tooth sensitivity and the plan to treat it. 

Here is a list of treatments that your dentist could use to treat or cure your sensitive teeth:

• Toothpaste for sensitive teeth – Your dentist may recommend specific toothpaste brands that are designed to desensitize your teeth.

• Mouthwash especially made for sensitive teeth –These mouthwashes help relieve discomfort from sensitivity and strengthen enamel.

• Fluoride treatments – Fluoride is known for its power to strengthen enamel. To help your teeth regrow their protective layer, your dental surgeon may recommend fluoride dental treatments. Ask us more about Fluoride Dental Treatments.

• Restoration replacement – If your crown or filling has been damaged, you will be advised to replace it with a new one to protect the root from exposure.

• Mouthguards – If you have problems with grinding or clenching, mouthguards are recommended to be worn at night.

• Root canal – If the tooth sensitivity is unbearable and all other treatments fail, a root canal treatment will be suggested. However, this treatment completely depends on your dental situation. 

Although all these treatments help in treating tooth sensitivity problems, you must practice good oral hygiene regularly to prevent sensitive teeth from recurring. Brush your teeth twice a day with a soft-bristled toothbrush and fluoride toothpaste, and floss once a day. Use gentle strokes while brushing, avoid vigorous or harsh brushing. Consider taking care when eating or drinking acidic foods and drinks and alcohol, all of which can remove small amounts of tooth enamel over time. 

If you have any questions regarding tooth sensitivity, ask us now - We have some of the best dentist in Bangalore who will answer all your queries.

Clear Aligners - Procedure, Results And Cost

Clear aligners or invisible aligners have become a popular option in the field of orthodontics. They are a type of orthodontic treatment that corrects misaligned or crooked teeth. The aim of clear or invisible aligners is to improve such dental imperfections, which also includes crowding, too much space between teeth, crossbite, overbite, and open bite. 

They are practically invisible and have the option of being removed as needed. These are designed around convenience and flexibility, along with providing the best results. If you are looking for alternatives to traditional braces, clear aligners are your best bet to bring back your aesthetically pleasing smile. 

How are clear aligners different from traditional braces? 

Clear aligners work similarly to traditional braces as they both use gradual and progressive force to guide teeth into a new, proper position, but without any metal wires or brackets. 

The difference is that clear aligner are made of a strong, clear, and plastic material that is customized to the patient's teeth, while traditional braces use metal wires and brackets. In terms of visibility, clear aligners are invisible or difficult to spot. 

Clear aligners are flexible and removable, unlike the traditional braces. Clear aligners can be removed while eating, brushing, or flossing, and since it is removable, it is easy to maintain routine healthy oral care. 

Further, clear aligners take relatively less time to show results compared to traditional braces (but it depends on every case and the severity of teeth misalignment (malocclusion)). There are plenty of other differences, but these are a few that stand out. 

How do clear aligners work in fixing the teeth position? 

Clear aligners are designed to move teeth in the desired direction and are custom-made for each case. This is achieved by digitally capturing impressions and processing them using specialized software. Then the future projections for straighter teeth are computed and then a 3D printing technology (machine) automatically custom fabricates the set of trays. On average, a person needs approximately 25-40 sets for complete teeth alignment. 

Every new tray is prepared to be slightly closer to the ideal position of the person’s teeth. When a new aligner is placed in the mouth, it will be tight and as the teeth shift to fit into the new tray the older aligner will no longer be tight. 

What is the complete procedure for clear aligners? 

1. Custom Treatment Plan 
After a complete and thorough examination of the teeth, the dentist will take a precise digital scan of the mouth and the teeth impressions and prepare a custom treatment plan. A digital preview of your new smile is shown before the aligners are prepared.

2. Aligners Preparation 

After teeth impressions are taken, the custom treatment plan is sent to a digital treatment facility or if the facility is in-house, the aligners are fabricated in-house. First, the lab technicians examine all areas to ensure proper fit - the dental arch, the gingiva, etc. 

Then, the digital plan is again reviewed by the dentist and upon approval, the aligners are fabricated. A series of clear trays are needed to eventually move the teeth into place. However, the duration of treatment and number of trays will vary from person to person. 

3. Aligners upkeep 

Every 1 - 2 weeks, patients receive a new set of aligners. Each set of aligners will gradually move the teeth into the correct position, as per the individual’s treatment plan. Depending on the patient, the severity, and post-care measures taken, treatment can take anywhere from 3 to 24 months, sometimes longer. 

Aligners have to be worn for at least 20-22 hours a day, only being removed for eating or brushing the teeth. 

4. After Treatment 

Your orthodontist will now advise retainers to prevent your teeth from shifting back to their previous location. From a mold of the newly straightened teeth, a custom retainer is made. Retainers are advised to be worn every night while sleeping. 

Results after using clear aligners - 

The results of the treatment are permanent, provided the aligners are worn for at least 20-22 hours every day, and retainers are used after the treatment. The results start showing anywhere between 4-6 weeks and on average and can take about 12-14 months for the complete transformation to be accomplished (The time is completely dependent on the severity of the case). 

Here are a few tips for preserving Clear Aligners: 

• Rinse them with cold or lukewarm water after removal. 

• Do not clean them with hot water as the heat can damage the plastic.

• Always brush and floss your teeth before wearing the aligners.

• Soak them in a retainer or denture cleaner for a couple of minutes.

• Remove the aligners before eating.

• Never clean them with toothpaste. 

What is the price or cost of clear aligners treatment in India? 

Aligners are costlier than traditional braces, however, considering the effectiveness, it is worth the cost. The invisible braces cost in Bangalore may vary depending on the severity, brand, location, and more. However, on average, the price of clear aligners ranges from Rs. 1,00,000 to Rs. 3,00,000. You will get clear aligners at a low cost in Bangalore at Sakra World Hospital and you will also be guided by the Best Dentists throughout the surgery.

For more information, get in touch with us. We are among the most recognized and trusted dental hospitals in Bangalore.

Tonsil Stones - Should you worry about them?

In the medical and healthcare world, when you hear the word “stones” it is probably and more often thought of to be “kidney stones”. However, another type of stone that people have never heard of until their dental surgeon explains the condition is “tonsil stones”. 

Have you heard of tonsil stones? 

Our tonsils sit in the back of our throats, one on each side and are gland-like structures. They are made of cells that prevent and fight infections. There is a claim that tonsils play a role in the well-being of our immune system. They are meant to work like webs, trapping bacteria and viruses that come in through our throats. 

But sometimes, they can cause more trouble than help and need to be removed. People who have their tonsils removed are more likely to be affected by bacterial or viral infections. 

Tonsil stones or tonsilloliths are hard bits of bacteria and debris that form in or on our tonsils. They can be white or yellow and vary in size. 

Why do we experience tonsil stones? 

Tonsils are filled with nooks and crannies where bacteria and other things such as dead skin, dead cells and mucus can get trapped. When they get trapped, the debris and bacteria combine to form white pus, and tonsil stones form as the trapped debris hardens.

One of the major contributing factors is oral bacteria. Also, sinuses - the mucus that is secreted can lead to a build-up of tonsil stones. Furthermore, if the tonsils are large, they have a greater chance of catching food particles, bacteria, and mucus, resulting in a larger stone buildup.

What are the signs and symptoms of Tonsil Stones? 

You are probably having tonsil stones if your tonsils are large, swollen and if you have any of these symptoms: 

• Persistent bad breath

• A cough that will not stop 

• Frequent sore throat 

• Trouble swallowing 

• Ongoing cough 

• Swollen tonsils 

• White or yellow debris on the tonsils

• Feeling that something’s stuck in the throat

• Earache

At Sakra World, our best ENT doctor in Bangalore provides the best tonsil stones treatment and care you need.

How to prevent tonsil stones from forming? 

Probably the most effortless way to avoid them is to keep bacteria from growing in your mouth and building upon your tonsils and good oral hygiene can help. Here are some ways by which you can prevent tonsil stones from forming: 

• Brush your teeth at least twice a day and floss on a regular basis. Try brushing after each meal, if you are cavity-prone.

• Use an antibacterial toothpaste or antibacterial mouthwash.

• Clean your tongue while brushing your teeth. The tongue is one place where bacteria like gathering.

• Be sure to stay hydrated, dry mouth is one of the causes of growing bacteria. Staying hydrated will help saliva flow and in turn, wash away bacteria and trapped food particles.

• Treat any allergies that you may have such as sinus or post-nasal drip.

• Visit your dental clinic at least twice every year and get rid of tartar. 

How are tonsil stones diagnosed? 

Your healthcare professional may

1. Conduct a physical examination of the mouth and throat

2. Perform an imaging scan

3. Dislodge the stones using a dental pick or your dentist may see them during a dental exam. 

What is the treatment for Tonsil Stones? 

In many cases, tonsil stones that do not cause any symptoms do not need special treatment. However, there are 2 treatments available: 

1. Medical/Surgical Tonsilloliths Treatment 

• Cryptolysis: It involves the use of local anesthesia and a laser or radiofrequency wand to scar the tonsils so the stones do not have a place to hide or do not form.

• Tonsillectomy: It is a surgical procedure to remove the tonsils. This is advised only when tonsil stones are a long-term problem.

• Antibiotics - Medication to help prevent bacteria formation. 

2. Home Remedies and Treatments 

• Improving your oral hygiene habits.

• Quit smoking or using other tobacco products

• Gargle with salt water

• Stay hydrated. 

When should you worry about Tonsil Stones? 

If the symptoms worsen and you are suffering from swollen and inflamed tonsils, check with your dentist or best dentist in Bangalore and discuss. If you have been suffering from tonsil stones for a long time and that is affecting your health and hygiene, check with your dental hygienist whether you should consider having your tonsils removed.

If you are looking for tonsil stones removal in Bangalore, then look no further consult Sakra World Hospital. We have a multi-disciplinary team of highly trained and experienced ENT specialist in Bangalore who are well versed in the management and specialized care of a broad range of disorders.

Good Dental Hygiene - How to Care for Your Oral Health

More often than not, oral health takes a back seat. We tend to take budding oral health issues for granted, thinking, it will not cause major harm to our overall health. 

Do you think the same? If you do, you are WRONG! 

Our oral health is a window to our overall health and our well-being. Poor oral (dental) hygiene can lead to problems that affect other parts of our body. 

Importance of practising good dental hygiene 

Whether you are 60 or 6, maintaining and caring for your oral health is important. 

Dental problems like gum diseases have been linked to heart disease, clogged arteries, and stroke. In pregnant women, gum diseases like periodontitis can lead to premature births. Cavities and a missing tooth can impair your ability to speak, eat well or chew properly. 

People already suffering from ailments need to be extra careful. For example, diabetes reduces the body’s resistance to infection and makes the gums more susceptible to infection, which in turn can adversely affect blood sugar levels. In people with HIV, mouth sores are common and need to be treated before they cause further infection. 

If you are on medication, you need to make sure your oral health is in check. The reason being, medications cause dry mouth and hence, the flow of saliva is reduced. Saliva is important as it washes away settled food and neutralizes acids produced by bacteria in the mouth. If you are experiencing dry mouth syndrome, make sure to contact your dental professional to avoid further dental complications or diseases. 

Maintaining good dental hygiene is necessary because it can prevent these and various other kinds of dental problems and oral diseases. Keeping your teeth and mouth hygienic can help prevent the risks of other health complications. And more so, we know prevention is always better than cure and prevention should be the primary focus. 

In a nutshell, good dental hygiene is important as poor hygiene can affect overall health, regular maintenance of oral health prevents tooth loss and can help detect major oral diseases at an early stage. 

At Sakra Dental Clinic Bangalore, our team of expert dentists tailor and customize your dental treatments, procedures and provide dental solutions within your budget.

What can adults do to maintain good dental hygiene? 

• Basic rule: Brush twice daily and floss regularly to remove dental plaque

• Drink fluoridated water and use fluoride toothpaste - fluoride is a leading defence mechanism against tooth decay. It acting as a protective barrier for the teeth

• Visit your dental surgeon at least twice a year

• If you wear dentures, make sure you visit the dentist regularly for checks

• Quit smoking and tobacco

• Limit alcoholic drinks

• If you are diabetic, try to maintain sugar levels

• Talk to your dentists about any abnormal lesions or ulcers in your mouth

• After brushing and flossing, use mouthwash to remove food particles left

• Change your toothbrush after every three months or before, if bristles are splayed or worn

• If you are suffering from GERD, get yourself treated as acid reflux can cause enamel damage and in turn, tooth loss

• While playing sports, wear a mouthguard to protect your teeth.

• Chew sugarless gum 

• If you tend to grind your teeth during sleep, use a night guard 

• Don't forget your tongue - Plaque can accumulate on your tongue as well. It can lead to bad mouth odour. Brush your tongue every time you brush your teeth, be gentle.

• Eat crunchy fruits and vegetables

• Limit sugary and acidic foods 

• As much as adult teeth need care and maintenance, a child’s oral care needs to be taken care of too - right from infancy. Strong oral care helps a child develop good dental habits as he or she grows.

How to care for your child’s teeth 

• For babies, use a soft and clean cloth to wipe their gums twice a day.

• Help your child brush until they have good brushing skills, allow them to watch you brush. Make brushing a fun activity, let them choose their favourite brush colour or a brush with a cartoon character. 

• Educate them on the importance of keeping dental health intact, in the form of storytelling or cartoon videos.

• Avoid giving them sugary treats and drinks

• Start visiting the dentists as soon a new set of teeth erupt and make it a habit to keep visiting thereon, at least 3 times a year

• It is common for teeth to erupt in an irregular manner or crowded, make sure to seek dental advice on braces or other dental treatment options

• Make it a habit to eat healthily cooked meals 

Following all the tips and maintaining your routine dental visits will make your teeth last a lifetime, just as they were designed to do.

We are here at Sakra World Hospital to meet all of your dental needs!

Sakra World Hospital is one of the top dental hospital in Bangalore with high-quality equipment and an experienced dentist in Bangalore providing the best care for you.

Tooth Decay - How to prevent and fix it

Tooth decay is the damage done to a tooth's surface or enamel. Anyone can be a victim of tooth decay - children, teens or adults. If tooth decay is not treated in its earliest stage, it can cause pain, infection, and worse, it can cause tooth loss! 

Let’s understand how exactly tooth decay takes place. 

What causes tooth decay and what is the process of tooth decay? 

Our mouth contains bacteria - some are helpful and others harmful. The harmful ones are the reason for tooth decay. These harmful bacteria, together with food come together to form a sticky film called plaque. The bacteria present in plaque use sugar and starch from our food to produce or make acids. The acid begins to eat the minerals of our tooth enamel; while the plaque hardens and turns into tartar. If the enamel keeps losing minerals, it will weaken and will eventually lead to tooth decay. 

Besides damaging the teeth, plaque and tartar also are known to cause severe gum diseases like gingivitis and advanced form of periodontitis. 

Who is at a higher risk of developing tooth decay?

• Those who do not brush or floss their teeth properly, which allow plaque to build up.

• Those who use smokeless tobacco - Sugars are often added to enhance the flavour of smokeless tobacco, which can increase the risk of tooth decay.

• Those who tend to put off visiting the dentist, are at a higher risk of developing cavities.

• Those that tend to have diets high in salt, fats and sugar, which contribute to tooth decay.

• Those who use laxatives. These are intended to treat bowel disorders or to induce labour but may cause tooth decay.

• Those who do not have enough saliva, because of medicines, certain diseases, or some cancer treatments.

• Toddlers and babies who drink milk from bottles, especially before bedtime

• Older adults who have receding gums. This raises the risk of decay as the root is exposed.

• Those who have dental devices or worn fillings in the mouth. Over the years, dental fillings can weaken or develop irregular edges. This allows plaque to build up easily and makes it harder to remove. Ill-fitting dental devices allow decay to begin underneath them.

• Those suffering from heartburn or gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) can cause stomach acid to flow into the mouth, wearing away the enamel of the teeth and causing significant tooth damage.

• Those having a family history of cavities/tooth decay 

Sakra World Dental Clinic is one of the best dental clinics in Bangalore, equipped with the right mix of specialists, technology and procedures to provide exceptional oral care to patients of all ages and genders.

Signs and Symptoms of tooth decay

The signs and symptoms of cavities change, depending on the cavity’s extent and position. Tartar build-up can be treated as an early sign of tooth decay. However, at the onset, these are some of the signs and symptoms you will experience:

• Uncontrollable toothache

• Tooth pain that occurs without any obvious reason

• Tooth and gum sensitivity

• Pain while eating or drinking (hot and cold food)

• Holes in the teeth

• Black, brown or white staining of the tooth

• Bad breath

• Bleeding gums

How can cavities or tooth decay be treated? 

There are several options, but the treatment depends on the severity of tooth decay. The various options include: 

• Fluoride: When tooth decay is spotted early, a fluoride treatment may help restore the tooth's enamel. This process is called remineralization. Fluoride treatments may be in the form of liquid, gel, foam or varnish that is placed in a mouth tray and fitted over the teeth. This treatment is conducted at a dental clinic. Further to this, the dentist will prescribe certain fluoride medications and direct you on how to use them.

• Fillings: When decay has progressed beyond an early stage, a filling is the most sought after option. In this treatment, dentists will drill out the decayed material or use laser technology to do the same and fill the hole. Dental fillings are made of composite resin, silver amalgam, or gold.

• Crowns: For weakened teeth or extensive tooth decay damage, a crown is recommended. A crown is a custom-fitted cap that replaces the tooth's entire natural crown.

• Root canal: When decay enters the inner area of the tooth (pulp), a root canal is required. Endodontists are dental specialists who perform root canal treatment. This treatment helps repair and save a badly damaged tooth instead of extracting it. In this treatment, the diseased tooth pulp is removed and the pulp is replaced with a filling. Medication is added into the root canal to clear any infection.

• Tooth extraction: If a root canal isn’t possible, the dentist may extract the tooth. To replace a permanent pulled tooth, you may need a dental implant.

Prevention of tooth decay - The most important part!

• Brush with fluoride toothpaste regularly

• Avoid sugary drinks, such as juices, sodas, sports drinks and sweet tea

• Avoid coffee or alcohol

• Avoid abrasive and harsh brushing techniques

• Limit your intake of processed foods

• Floss daily to get rid of food and stuck between the teeth

• Avoid frequent snacking and sipping

• Consider dental sealants

• Do not miss your regular dental appointments, and if you can’t remember when was the last time you visited a dentist; it’s about time you book your appointment now.

You may not be aware that a cavity is forming and if cavities aren't treated early, they can affect deeper layers of our teeth, causing severe toothache, infection and tooth loss. That is why it is extremely important to have routine dental checkups and cleanings done, even when your mouth feels fine.

Are you experiencing any signs and symptoms of tooth decay? Let us help you!

If you are looking for tooth decay removal in Bangalore the consult Sakra World Hospital, we have a team of the best dental surgeon in Bangalore who are from India’s prestigious dental institutes and centres.

Effects of Diabetes on Dental Health

Worldwide lack of awareness especially in developing countries like India is causing more oral complications in patients with diabetes. However, it is not certain for oral complications to appear in the oral cavity from the onset of diabetes. According to various studies, it has been observed that people with poor oral hygiene and also people with diabetes with poor glycemic control are at higher risk of developing oral complications during diabetes.

A positive correlation is seen between diabetes and various inflammatory diseases and soft tissue pathology in the oral cavity. There is also evidence of aggravating pre-existing periodontal problems like periodontitis in dental patients who develop diabetes because of chronic inflammatory reactions caused by bacteria and delayed wound healing. Therefore one should always pay particular attention to their oral health and hygiene along with keeping their glycemic level under control. One should make the habit to visit their regular dentist for early identification or management of oral manifestation of diabetes and also follow the advice given by the dentist about how to protect your teeth and gums during diabetes.

Sakra World Hospital is one of the best dental hospital in Bangalore. At Sakra World, the dentistry department is committed to offering best-in-class medical care. We have some of the best dentist in Bangalore who treat and manage dentistry conditions with advanced treatment techniques.

To protect your teeth and gums take dental and diabetes care seriously. You can follow the following for proper dental care:

• Make a commitment to manage your diabetes: Make sure your diabetes levels are normal and follow the doctor’s instructions.

• Brush your teeth twice daily: Use a soft toothbrush and gently brush between the teeth and behind the teeth. Avoid vigorous teeth brushing which causes bleeding of gums and change your brush after every 3 months.

• Look for early signs of gum disease: Redness, swelling and bleeding of gums.

• Don’t smoke: Smoking increases the risk of serious diabetes complications including gum diseases.

• Floss your teeth at least once daily.

• Follow the healthy eating plan that you and your doctor or dietician have worked out for you.

• Make sure your dentist should know about your diabetes.

• Make sure your denture and false teeth fit well.

• Schedule regular dental visits.

Diabetes is one of the diseases from the dental point of view. Uncontrolled diabetes is a cause of concern as it has several harmful effects on teeth and gums. Glucose is present in the saliva when diabetes is not under control, the increased glucose levels helps the harmful bacteria to grow. These bacteria combine with the food to form a soft sticky film called plaque. Plaque also forms from foods that contain sugars/starches. A high glucose level over a period of time leads to increased plaque deposits.

The most common oral problems related to uncontrollable diabetes are:

• Gingivitis - inflamed or unhealthy gums. Gums may become red, swollen and may also bleed.

• Periodontitis - a mild or severe form of gingivitis. Persistent infections between the gums & teeth and gums get pulled away from teeth. Permanent teeth that may become loose or move away from each other. Bad taste and bad breath in the mouth.

• Fungal diseases - uncontrolled growth of the naturally occurring fungus in the mouth leading to oral thrush/candidiasis. The presence of white patches on gums, tongue, cheeks and palate may also lead to open sores.

• Xerostomia - due to uncontrolled diabetes there is a decreased rate of salivary flow, increasing the risk for tooth decay and gum diseases. There may be dry and rough tongue, pain in the mouth, cracked lips, oral sores, problems with speaking, eating, chewing and swallowing, etc.

• Burning mouth - altered taste sensation.

Diabetes versus Periodontitis

According to Leo, Periodontitis is recognized as the sixth complication of diabetes. In many cases, periodontitis is the 2nd stage of inflammation that begins within gingivitis. From the clinical perspective, gingivitis presents with swollen tissues and increased redness without loss of connective tissue attachment. Clinical signs of periodontitis include swelling, redness, bleeding from the gums, spacing between teeth, loose teeth and exposure of root surfaces through the loss of bone around the teeth.

The disease can present locally involving few teeth or be more generalized. In patients with uncontrolled diabetes, periodontitis is more generalized. Patients with Type II diabetes are at higher risk for developing periodontal diseases than Type I diabetes.
Patients with diabetes and periodontitis start to show various complications such as advanced glycation end products which happens as a result of exposure to sugars, altered lipid mechanism, oxidative stress, a state of imbalance of oxidation and antioxidant system in the body and start to counteract and systemically elevated cytokine levels. At this stage, patients are advised to take proper care of their dental health and medical care providers should coordinate the therapy.

Periodontal therapies are mostly used in the treatment of chronic periodontitis. Oral hygiene instructions can be followed regarding the information on the role of diet, professional cleaning of teeth and gum tissues using ultrasonic devices, using antibacterial mouth rinses. Others include local or systemic antibiotics & surgical/Laser intervention.

Other less common effects of diabetes include mouth ulcers, delayed wounds healing of the soft tissues of the mouth, lichen planus (an inflammatory condition that affects mucous membranes inside your mouth), pain when chewing & change in the fit of dentures.

For children having diabetes, teeth may erupt at an earlier age than is typical. By this, we conclude that prevention and control of periodontal disease must be considered as an integral part of diabetes control.

If you are looking for diabetes treatment in Bangalore, then consult Sakra World Hospital to know more about the process and available doctors.

Coverage: Pg 3 & 4

Dental Implants - Advantages, Types and Procedure

People suffer tooth loss due to many reasons - tooth decay, periodontal disease, or oral injury. What a lot of patients do not understand is that missing teeth are not just cosmetic issues, they also affect overall dental health and day-to-day activities. Tooth loss causes changes in the way we chew, and even talk. Additionally, without an intact and secure tooth root, the jaw can weaken, shrink and cause the lips and cheeks to sag.

In such a scenario, Dental implants have popped out to be a smarter choice. 

What are Dental Implants?

Dental implants are a replacement for tooth roots. It is a metal fixture, similar to that of a screw, that is surgically fastened to the jaw, under the gum line on which artificial teeth can be mounted. These metal implants become anchored to the bone through osseointegration (the bone fuses to the metal).

What Are the Advantages of Dental Implants?

• Improved appearance

• Dental implants are fused with the bone, and they look and feel like your own teeth. 

• Improved speech

• Compared to dentures, dental implants allow you to communicate confidently. With ill-fitting dentures, teeth can slip within the mouth causing you difficulty in speaking. 

• Improved chewing

• Since dental implants function like your own teeth, chewing and eating feels comfortable and normal. 

• Improved self-esteem

• A missing tooth can hamper your self-esteem. But dental implants can lift it up and give you back your smile. 

• Long-lasting results

If taken good care of, implants can last many years. 

Can Anyone Get Dental Implants?

Dental implants could be performed if you:

• have one or more missing teeth

• have a jawbone that's reached full growth

• have healthy oral tissues

• have a good overall health condition which will not interfere with bone healing

• Do not want to opt for dentures

Types of implants

There are 3 types of implants:

Endosteal implants

These are the most common type of dental implants which are generally advised for most patients.  They are made of titanium, shaped like screws and are surgically implanted in the jaw bone.  Once the gum tissue surrounding the dental implant is healed, a second surgery is needed to connect the post (abutment) on the implant. Finally, an artificial tooth (or crown) is placed on the extension of the post.

Having these implanted, will require you to have a good, healthy jawbone.

Subperiosteal implants

These implants consist of a metal frame and are an alternative to endosteal implants, but not as common as endosteal implants. They are placed onto the bone rather than into the bone, just below the gum tissue. In time, the frame gets fixed to the jawbone. Then the artificial tooth (or crown) is then mounted onto the post.

This type of implant is advised to patients that have a weak jawbone or do not have enough jawbone space for an implant. 

Dental Implants Procedure

The entire dental procedure would be as follows, although there might be some minor additions based on each patient and the case: 

• Initial Evaluation: This includes, X-rays, taking impressions, and matching the colour of the teeth to make your implant look as natural as possible. This evaluation is also done to determine the condition of the jawbone. 

• Extracting the damaged tooth: Before an implant can be inserted, the damaged/decayed tooth will be extracted. 

• Bone graft examination: Your jaw and the surrounding bone has to be strong. Hence, the dentist needs to examine if a bone graft is required to make sure the jaw can support the dental implant. If required, bone grafting is performed and the bone is allowed to heal before inserting the implant. 

• Inserting the implant: A dental surgery is performed to prepare the jaw for the insertion of the implant. Thanks to modern dentistry techniques, it’s possible to carry out the implant placement procedure comfortably and with lesser pain. The implant is then placed deep in, just like the root. 

• Attaching the abutment (base of the crown): The metal part that serves as a base for the crown in the dental implant is called as an abutment. It acts as a connector, with one part attached to the jawbone, while the crown is fixed on the other end. After the recovery, one more small surgical procedure is conducted by the dentist to add the abutment to the implant. This recovery takes a few weeks.

The procedure could take well over 3-6 months or less depending on the healing process. It is very important to maintain oral hygiene throughout all the steps of the treatment to make sure healthy teeth and healthy gums.

Looking for dental implants in Bangalore, then contact Sakra World Hospital where you will get the best treatment and care.

How to take care of dental implants?

• Physical exercise or activity immediately after surgery has to be avoided

• Apply ice packs to reduce swelling. 

• Stay hydrated and consume liquids. Avoid food that is hard and puts extra pressure on the teeth. 

• Floss regularly after a few days of surgery

• Rinse using warm saltwater

• Use low-abrasive toothpaste

• Brush under and around the implant crown

These are a few tips that you should follow to care for your dental implants. There are additional steps you would have to follow immediately after the surgery which your dentist will inform you of accordingly. If you get dental implants at Sakra World Hospital, we will be sure to help you with all the pre and post-care treatment. For more information about receiving dental implants at Sakra World Hospital, contact us today. 

Sakra World Hospital has the best dentist in Bangalore experienced in treating any kind of dental conditions. For the best dental implants in Bangalore consult the best dental hospital near you.

Aphthous Ulcers - Symptoms, Causes, Treatment and Prevention

Aphthous Ulcers (also known as aphthous stomatitis, canker sores), are a common and painful problem and can make eating and talking difficult. . An aphthous ulcer is an ulcer that forms on the mucous membranes (on the soft tissues in your mouth or at the base of your gums) -- like on the inside of the lips and cheeks or below the tongue. 

Aphthous Ulcers are benign in nature, non-contagious and can occur as single ulcers or in clusters.

Recurrent aphthous ulcers do not create much of a concern and go away on their own in a week or two, but at times, they could be associated with significant health problems. Aphthous ulcers that occur in conjunction with symptoms of genital ulcerations, uveitis, arthritis, conjunctivitis, fever should be brought to your doctor’s attention at the earliest as this will prompt a search for any cause or origin of this condition. 

What causes an Aphthous ulcer?

The exact reason why aphthous ulcer develops is not yet known. What most researchers and practitioners think is that the immune system is disturbed by some external factor and reacts abnormally against a protein in mucosal tissue which causes Aphthous ulcer.

Possible triggers for developing Aphthous ulcer:

• Accidental - An injury due to dental work, harsh brushing or physical activity

• Emotional stress and lack of sleep

• Toothpaste that contains sodium lauryl sulfate

• Self-inflicted bite

• Shortage of vitamin B, iron, and folic acid

• Hormonal changes during menstruation

• Viral infections

• Conditions like HIV/AIDS can suppress the immune system

• Bacteria present in the mouth can cause an allergic reaction and trigger ulcers

• Existing health issues like Crohn's disease, Celiac disease, Behcet’s disease can also trigger reoccurrence of Aphthous ulcer

Aphthous ulcers are of three types: minor aphthous, major aphthous and herpetiform aphthous. However, each of this type has different symptoms.

Symptoms and types of an aphthous ulcer

Minor aphthous ulcers

These are the most common ones. They are mostly small in size, less than 5 mm in diameter and can form as a single aphthous ulcer or in a cluster. These typically do not cause much pain. 

Symptoms: 

• Usually small ulcers

• Oval-shaped with a red edge

• Heal in one to two weeks

Major aphthous ulcers

These are 5 mm or larger and occur in pairs or as a single ulcer. They are not very common. These are quite painful while eating or drinking.  

Symptoms:

• Are larger and deeper than minor aphthous sores

• Have irregular edges when they become large, but when they are small they would look similar to minor aphthous ulcers

• Extremely painful

• Takes up to six weeks or months to heal and can leave extensive scarring

Herpetiform ulcers

Since these ulcers look like herpes in appearance, they have derived the name Herpetiform., but they are not caused by the herpes simplex virus. Herpetiform ulcers occur when several lesions fuse and form large ulcers that are irregularly shaped. 

Symptoms:

• Often occur in clusters of 10 to 100 sores or can merge into one large ulcer

• Ulcers with irregular edges

Aphthous ulcers treatment

There is no cure for aphthous ulcers, but one can lessen pain and discomfort and promote healing. In most cases, the ulcers will disappear without treatment. If the ulcer needs your doctor’s attention, treatment will be based on the severity of the ulceration, the affected person’s general health and the location. 
  

• Anti-inflammatory treatment aphthous ulcers

Topical anti-inflammatory pastes which can be purchased over-the-counter can be applied directly to the area where the ulcer has erupted. This type of treatment is more applicable and result oriented in the minor variety. The pastes should be applied around two and four times per day, make sure to follow the exact recommendations given by the pharmacist or your doctor.

• Antiseptic and Antibiotic treatment for aphthous ulcers

Antiseptic mouthwash containing chlorhexidine can be part of the treatment. This can be used twice per day or as per the doctor’s recommendations 
Also, in some cases, the doctor may prescribe topical or oral antibiotics, such as minocycline or tetracycline, which have been effective in treating ulcers. They are mostly administered in mouthwash form, where the antibiotic has to be dissolved in water, gargled and spat out. This must be done at least 2-3 times a day for several days or until you see the result. 

This antibiotic mouthwash, containing tetracycline, cannot be administered to children below the age of 8. If need be, make sure to get your doctor’s recommendation, as using this can discolour their teeth. 

Other treatments for aphthous ulcers

When the ulcers are unresponsive to the above treatments, other treatments need to be administered which may include oral steroids, local anaesthetics benzocaine and lignocaine (lidocaine) to reduce pain or other local numbing agents; and nutritional supplements (containing folate, zinc or vitamin B-12) and topical medication such as calcineurin inhibitors: pimecrolimus or tacrolimus.

Besides all the above, there are several home remedies you may try if the ulcer is not major: 

Home remedies for aphthous ulcers

• Rinse your mouth with saltwater

• Apply milk of magnesia to the ulcer after rinsing

• Application of ice packs or cubes to the affected area

• Teething ointments that contain an anaesthetic to numb pain and manage pain and discomfort (we advise you to always contact your dentist before choosing to use this ointment)

• Work on reducing your stress

• Avoid hard foods

• Make sure to intake nutritional supplements such as Vitamin B-12 capsules, Vitamin D capsules, zinc tablets. 

Prevention

As mentioned earlier, Aphthous ulcers can often recur, but you can reduce the frequency of reoccurrence by following these tips:

• Avoid salty and acidic foods or spicy food as they can irritate your mouth.

• Intake plenty of fruits, vegetables and whole grains that will provide nutritional supplements

• Follow good oral hygiene habits. However, avoid toothpaste and mouthwash that contains sodium lauryl sulfate

• If you wear braces or other dental appliances, check with your orthodontic about waxes that you can use to cover sharp edges

• Work on learning stress-reduction techniques such as meditation and guided imagery

• Quit smoking, as the nicotine in cigarettes can worsen the ulcers

Most aphthous ulcers will go away on their own in a week or two. But do not neglect a doctor’s visit if you notice severe symptoms. Sores that don't seem to heal could possibly detect an underlying condition. Talk to our mouth ulcer specialist in Bangalore to understand and know more about your oral health condition and the correct treatment. 

Sakra World Hospital is the best dental hospital in Bangalore having the best dentist in Bangalore experienced in treating any kind of dental conditions. Book an appointment now!

Everything you should know about a Root Canal Treatment

Has the dentist advised you to undergo a root canal treatment? Are you looking for all the necessary information about a root canal procedure before you go ahead? 

The article discusses everything you would need to know about root can treatment - Treatment, Procedure, Symptoms and how root canal treatment can relieve your tooth pain and save your smile. Stay with us to discover each section. 

What is a Root Canal?

On the outside, our teeth have an enamel layer, then the second layer of dentin, and a soft inside core that goes deep into the root of our jawbone. This core contains the dental pulp (which consists of connective tissue, blood vessels, nerves, fibroblasts, and odontoblasts).

When the decay reaches the soft-core, the pulp becomes inflamed or infected, at times, the pulp can also die. This needs to be fixed and a root canal is then needed to save the tooth and clean the decay.

A root canal is a treatment to remove bacteria from the infected root canal of the tooth and prevent it from further infection. Once the infected pulp is removed, the inside of the tooth is carefully disinfected, cleaned and then a filling is placed to seal the space. This treatment saves the natural tooth.

So how would you know if you need a root canal? How would you know if the pulp has been infected? Let’s learn more about the symptoms that may indicate you need a root canal.

Symptoms that show you need a root canal treatment

The assured way to know if you need a root canal treatment is by visiting your dentist. But, keep a watch on these warning signs, because the earlier you detect, the earlier your tooth can be treated and saved. 

Following are the symptoms:

• Persistent tooth pain

• Sensitivity to hot and cold food

• Tooth discolouration

• Swollen gums

• Pain when you touch the tooth

• A chipped or cracked tooth

• Tooth feels loose

• Pimples on the gums

• Severe pain while chewing or biting

Your dentist will examine the tooth and take X-rays to confirm the diagnosis.  

How is a root canal performed?

The best dentist in Bangalore or an endodontist will perform a root canal. Endodontists are highly skilled dental specialists who focus exclusively on treatments related to the dental pulp. If your root canal case is complicated, your general dentist may suggest you see an endodontist.

• An X-ray will be taken to determine if there are any signs of infection in the surrounding bone, it will also focus on checking the shape of the root canals. Local anaesthesia will be administered to numb the area near the tooth. You’ll remain awake during the procedure, but the anaesthesia will keep you from feeling any pain.

• The dentist will place a rubber dam around the tooth, this is to keep the area dry and free of saliva during the treatment.

• Once the tooth is numb, a small opening is created at the top of the tooth ( also called the Crown) using a drill or a LASER (Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation). 

• Next, using special dental tools called ‘Files’, the dentist or the endodontist will remove the damaged pulp and the bacteria and clean the area. The sides of the root canal are also scraped and scrubbed clean. As the procedure is being done, sodium hypochlorite or water will be sprayed in the area to flush away the debris.

• After the area is well cleaned and shaped, the endodontist or the dentist will fill the root canals with a biocompatible material. This material is called gutta-percha. Next, to ensure flawless sealing of the root canals, gutta-percha is placed with a block of an adhesive cement. Next, a filling is added at the initial opening created. 

• At last, the dentist or the endodontist will discuss any additional restoration work that your tooth might need. For example, placing a crown or other restoration to protect the tooth and prevent it from breaking.

Is Root Canal a painful treatment? 

Mild pain after a root canal treatment is normal as it is a major procedure. A root canal involves deep cleaning inside the canals which can irritate surrounding nerves and gums until the treatment completely heals. However, this pain does not last forever. 

Since the pain experienced after a root canal treatment is usually mild, you’ll likely be prescribed over-the-counter pain medications for relief. Any pain that lasts longer than it should and is persistent, should be brought to the attention of the dentist. 

For painless root canal treatment in Bangalore consult Sakra World Hospital.

What happens after a root canal?

Following the completion of a root canal, for the first few days, the tooth may feel sensitive due to surrounding tissue inflammation. But that should only last for a few hours or maybe a couple of days or two. 

Still, how long the results last depends on the way you take care of your teeth. Some of the must do’s after a root canal treatment:

• Try to avoid chewing with the tooth for a brief time after the treatment

• Brush, floss, and use mouthwash regularly 

• Visit your dentist at scheduled intervals

To conclude, although the treatment does cause minor pain and fear, it will bring you a lifetime of relief from all the pain.  If you have been experiencing any of the symptoms mentioned above, we advise you to visit your dentist as soon as possible and get a diagnosis done. 

At Sakra, we provide a wide range of dental care from basic diagnosis, routine dental procedures to complex reconstructive surgeries. If you are looking for root canal treatment in Bangalore then book an appointment with us.

Periodontitis - Symptoms, Prevention and Treatment

Do you notice slight blood in the sink every time you brush your teeth? Do you see blood while biting into an apple? This bleeding is one of the first warning signs of gum disease. In gingivitis, only the gums are infected. If left untreated, the infection travels below the gum line, into the bone, causing a more serious form of gum disease called periodontitis.

Periodontitis is a serious gum infection that not only damages the gums but can also destroy the bone that supports the teeth if left untreated. It can also lead to tooth loss!

If you think that this disease affects only adults, you are absolutely wrong! Periodontal disease not only affects adults but has also been a very common disease among children and teenagers. According to a survey conducted in India, periodontitis was observed by the age of 15; and at 17 years, 10% of Indian boys were known to suffer from it!

Although Periodontitis is common, remember it is largely preventable if diagnosed early. 

What are the symptoms of Periodontal disease?

Here are a few signs and symptoms of periodontitis:

• Pus between your teeth and gums

• Gums that feel tender when touched

• Bleeding while brushing or flossing

• Bleeding when eating, especially fruits like Apple and Guava

• Swollen, puffy gums

• Bright red or purplish gums

• Gums that bleed easily

• Bad breath

• Loose teeth 

• Painful chewing

• Receding Gums

If you have any of the above symptoms then consult the dentist in Bangalore.

What are the causes of Periodontal disease?

Plaque - a sticky film composed mainly of bacteria - is the primary cause of gum disease. If left untreated, plaque can: 

• Harden under your gum line and turn into tartar (calculus) and is more difficult to remove. You can't get rid of tartar by brushing and flossing, only a dentist can remove it. 

• Cause gingivitis, the mildest form of gum disease. And this gum inflammation can cause periodontitis.

Besides plaque, here are a few other causes of Periodontal disease:

• Poor lifestyle habits such as smoking

• Not doing brushing and flossing on a daily basis

• Family history of dental disease

• Hormonal changes can also make gums more sensitive and vulnerable to gum disease

What are the treatments available for Periodontal disease or gum disease?

There are Surgical as well as non-surgical treatments available: 

Surgical Treatments:

• Flap surgery or pocket reduction surgery:  In this procedure, the gums are lifted or pulled back (to create a flap) to clean the roots of the teeth and repair damaged bone. The space between the gum and tooth is reduced in this type of surgery, thereby decreasing the areas where plaque can grow. 

• Bone grafts: In bone grafting, a piece of bone is removed from another part of the jaw or the body, and transplanted to the jawbone. This bone graft then works with the body to build a new bone, helping in restoring stability to teeth. 

• Soft tissue grafts: A procedure to cover tooth roots or fill in places where gums have receded. Healthy gum tissue is taken from the roof of the mouth or taken from another donor and is attached to the place where the soft tissue has receded.

• Guided tissue regeneration: This procedure is done in combination with flap surgery, where a small piece of mesh-like fabric is inserted between the bone and gum tissue which helps in stopping the gum tissue from growing into the area where the bone should be. This allows the bone and the connective tissue to regrow and better support the teeth. 

Non-Surgical Treatments: 

• Professional dental cleaning: This is an important gum disease preventive measure. During a professional cleanup, the dentist will remove plaque and tartar from above and below the gum line, which is impossible to be removed by brushing and flossing. 

• Scaling and root planing: Scaling and root planing is done if your dentist or periodontist finds out that you have tartar under the gums. When all the tarter below and above the gum line is removed, it is called Scaling. Scaling makes sure the cleaning is done all the way down to the bottom of the pocket. Root planing smoothes out the teeth roots to help gums reattach to the teeth. Scaling and root planing may require local anaesthesia and may take more than one visit.

Are you afraid after reading the surgical methods of treatment? Usually, in most cases, gum diseases are treated using the non-surgical procedure of scaling and root planing. Surgery is only needed when the tissue around the teeth cannot be repaired with nonsurgical options. 
Looking for a periodontitis treatment in Bangalore then book an appointment at Sakra World Hospital.

Is Gum Disease Linked to Other Health Problems?

There is a potential connection between gum disease and other serious health conditions. The bacteria in the mouth is known to make their way into the bloodstream, at times causing health problems such as heart disease and stroke. Another health condition that has often been associated is gum disease is infertility, although the research on this subject is still in-progress. Diabetes is another health condition that not only is a risk factor for gum disease, but gum disease can make diabetes worse.

Is there a way to prevent periodontitis?

The best way to prevent periodontitis is to maintain a proper and regular program of good oral hygiene:

• Brush your teeth twice daily

• Flossing at least once a day. 

• Quit smoking 

• Maintain a well-balanced diet.

• Visit your dentist regularly

If you are more susceptible to gum disease, we recommend you visit a dental clinic in Bangalore for frequent check-ups, cleanings, and treatments to better manage the condition. Remember, oral health affects overall health. 

Mucocele - An oral mucous cyst and all you need to know about it

An oral mucocele is a harmless, benign, fluid-containing, salivary gland cyst. Most commonly, it occurs as a swelling on the lower lip or mouth lining (mucosa). 

The mucocele has a translucent bluish colour and is commonly found in young adults and children. Although it commonly occurs on the lower lip, it can also occur over the cheeks or the floor of the mouth and is called Ranula. 
Ranulas are rare, but they can cause more problems with speech, chewing, and swallowing as they are larger.

In this article, we will focus on how to identify Mucoceles, the signs and symptoms, causes and the treatment. 

How to identify Mucoceles?

Mucoceles can be identified by the following traits:

• Painless and moveable cysts

• Cysts are soft and round, sometimes dome-shaped

• Mostly bluish in colour, but in some cases could be pearly white or transparent

• Size: 2-10 mm in diameter

Types of Mucoceles: 

• Extravasation mucocele: This is the most common type of mucocele, and is caused by broken salivary gland ducts or by salivary gland secretion spilling out of the gland into the surrounding tissue. 

• Retention mucocele:  This type of mucocele is caused due to the ducts of the salivary glands becoming blocked or in other words, a decrease or absence of glandular secretion produced by blockage of the salivary gland ducts. These mostly occur in older people aged between 50 and 60 years. 

Mucoceles are also classified based on the position they occur: 

• Superficial mucocele: Cysts located right under the mucosal surface

• Classic mucocele: Cysts on the upper layer of the submucosa

• Deep mucocele: Cysts on the lower layer of the mucous membrane

What are the Signs and Symptoms of Mucoceles or Oral Cysts?

• Appears  as a bluish or pink, soft, round, dome-shaped cyst

• Usually painless, but could cause problems 

• Recurring cysts

• May break open on its own

• Swallowing or chewing problems

• Sensitivity

If you notice any of the above-mentioned symptoms, then immediately consult your dentist for oral mucous cyst treatment in Bangalore. Sakra World Hospital is the best dental hospital in Bangalore having a team of experienced dentists who are experts in treating all types of dental problems.

What are the causes of Oral Mucous Cyst? 

There are several reasons for the Oral Mucous Cyst to occur - history of lip biting or trauma, oral piercings or use of tartar-control toothpaste in some cases.

The Oral Mucous Cyst centres on a small salivary gland, which makes saliva in your mouth. Here's how the cyst takes birth: 

Saliva moves from a salivary gland through salivary ducts into your mouth. One of these ducts can become damaged or blocked because of compulsive habits such as repeatedly sucking or biting on your lower lip or cheek, using sharp objects to brush against your lower lip, etc. Not just this, trauma could also be the cause of ducts being damaged, trauma such as getting hit in the face. 

So what happens once the salivary duct is damaged or blocked? Mucus leaks or seeps out, and causes a cyst-like swelling, called Oral Mucous Cyst. 

To sum up the causes of Mucoceles or Oral Cysts: 

• An injury/trauma causing a tear to the salivary ducts causing them to be blocked

• Compulsive poor habits like lip-biting causing the salivary ducts to be damaged or blocked

• Oral Lip piercings can cause infection, leading to cyst formation

• Poor oral hygiene can cause the buildup of bacteria. The bacteria can block salivary glands which leads to cysts.

How is Oral Mucocele diagnosed? 

The dentist in Bangalore In most cases, the dentist will be able to tell you by looking at it. Otherwise, the following diagnosis methods will be used:

• Ultrasound: To show images of the inside of the cyst. Ultrasound uses sound waves and the fluid inside the cyst makes it easier to get clear views of the cyst.

• CT Scan/MRi/X-rays: This is taken at different angles; they give a more detailed image of the cyst.

• Biopsy: A tiny sample of the cyst is taken and sent to the lab for initial diagnosis and cell analysis.

Consult Sakra World Hospital the best dental hospital for mucocele excision in Bangalore.

Treatment for Oral Mucocele 

Mostly, a mucous cyst will go away on its own. However, if there are no signs of it going away on its own and it seems to be causing oral issues, don't try to open it or treat it yourself. It can cause further infection and tissue damage. You need to reach out to your oral health care clinic as it needs to be removed. To remove a mucocele, the following may have to be done:

• Freezing the cyst (cryotherapy)

• Laser treatment

• Surgery to cut out the cyst

Mucocele cysts are less harmful and more unpleasant, a specialist is the only one who can help you get rid of this without causing further damage. Also, remember, they can reoccur, so following all instructions is very important. 

If you notice a cyst for more than a month, if it has been bleeding or you are having trouble swallowing, chewing or talking, reach out to our team of professional dentists and oral surgeons and we will assist you with the right course of treatment. 
Sakra World Hospital has a team of dentist in Bangalore who are expert in treating a mucous cyst. We provide world-class facilities to our patients and take care of their all needs.

What is Pyorrhea and how can it be treated?

The term pyorrhea comes from the Greek words Discharge of Pus.
Pyorrhea, also known as periodontitis, is a multifactorial disease that directly affects oral gums and the bone. Yes, Pyorrhea affects the periodontium, that is, the organ that holds up the teeth and is made up of gingiva, bone, and ligament. Pyorrhea is bacterial in nature and is the result of advanced or untreated gingivitis.

Types of Pyorrhea

These are some of the most common types of Pyorrhea:

• Chronic Pyorrhea: This is the most common type of pyorrhea. It is caused by gradual plaque buildup, which then causes gum recession and bone deterioration. This can get worse or improve based on how soon it has been treated. This type of Pyorrhea is known to mostly affect adults, but in no way does it mean that children are immune to it. Children too can be prone to Chronic Pyorrhea if dental hygiene is neglected. 

• Aggressive Pyorrhea: It is a hereditary type of Pyorrhea. And since it's hereditary, you would need your family to get checked for Pyorrhea too if you have been suffering from it. The reason it is called Aggressive Pyorrhea is, if it is left untreated, this destructive pyorrhea type will cause rapid progression of bone loss, eventually causing tooth loss or a fracture. 

• Necrotizing Pyorrhea: This is the worst type of pyorrhea that involves the death of supporting bone, gum tissue and tooth ligaments caused by lack of blood supply, which eventually results in severe infection. Necrotizing Pyorrhea mostly affects people who have a weak immune system, which may be due to HIV infection or cancer treatment. Malnutrition and poor food habits can also be a cause. 

What are the signs and symptoms of Pyorrhea?

As Pyorrhea progresses from gingivitis, it starts showing major signs and symptoms. A few of the major symptoms are as listed below:

• Swollen or puffy gums

• Bad breath

• Loose teeth or Gums that bleed easily

• Painful chewing

• Pus between the teeth and gums

• Tender and sensitive gums

• Bleeding when flossing or brushing

• Deep pockets form between the gums and the teeth

• Gums that recede, making your teeth look longer than normal

• Bleeding when eating fruits like Apple, Guava, etc.

What are the causes of Pyorrhea?

Lack of dental hygiene is the foremost reason. Besides this, inheriting it from your parents or family members is also possible as this is a hereditary disease.

Here are some common causes of pyorrhea:

• Poor dental habits: Irregular brushing and flossing allow bacteria to grow rapidly. Flossing should be a very important part of your dental hygiene as it helps in scraping the plaque and the remnants of rotting food in between the spaces of your teeth which are responsible for bacteria growth. When you’re complacent with your dental habits to the point where the coating of plaque on your teeth becomes tartar, it leads to dental destruction causing Pyorrhea. 

• Periodontal Destruction: Pyorrhea is caused by the destruction of the periodontium tissue that keeps the teeth anchored to the gums and jawbone. Improper dental hygiene is what kills this tissue. But although periodontal disease is initiated by bacteria, an intermediate mechanism that lies between bacterial stimulation and tissue destruction is the production of cytokines. The presence of cytokines in increased levels causes the destruction of periodontium tissue.

• Gingivitis or Periodontal Disease: Plaque, when left untreated causes gingivitis, which is the mildest form of periodontal disease. This condition is defined as inflammation and irritation of the gum around the base of the teeth. Gingivitis is reversible with good oral care and professional dental treatment. When you fail to treat gingivitis, it worsens and develops into pyorrhea or periodontitis.

• Diabetes and Pyorrhea: If you are a diabetic patient, your chances of developing Pyorrhea also increase. Diabetics patients are more likely to develop dental issues. 

• Smoking: Smoking tobacco is also one of the causes of developing pyorrhea or periodontitis. 

Pyorrhea is reversible but that does not mean you can take your chances. While you have dental treatment options to save your teeth, remember if the disease reaches a point of no return you might not be able to save some or all of your teeth. Therefore, we keep emphasizing maintaining your oral hygiene and visiting your dentist regularly. 

Sakra World Hospital has the best dentist in Bangalore experienced in treating any kind of dental conditions. For pyorrhea treatment in Bangalore consult the best dental hospital near you.

Here are ways you can prevent Pyorrhea:

• Brushing, flossing and using mouthwash

• Regular Dental Visit - Make sure to visit your dentist at least every 6 months, this aids in diagnosing the early signs and symptoms and treating them in their early stages to avoid further complications

• Scaling - To remove hard tartar, trapped food, and plaque which is the primary cause of bacteria growth

• Root Planing - This makes the rough teeth surfaces smooth and removes any subgingival bacteria. During the procedure, the dentist will also deep clean around and below the gums to remove plaque and tartar buildup. 

If left untreated, Pyorrhea can cause bone and tissue damage, where you can also lose teeth. Besides the loss of the tooth, the infection could cause other health complications. 

Thanks to modern dental technological advancements, Pyorrhea can be treated using laser treatment and hence becomes much easier to cure in a less invasive manner, unlike traditional surgical methods which are quite painful and invasive. 

Sakra is the best dental hospital in Bangalore where we provide our patients with world-class dental treatments, from teeth whitening to laser dental treatments to curing periodontal disease. For all your dental care needs, reach out to us.

Pulpitis: Symptoms, Causes, Diagnosis, and Treatment

Pulpitis is an inflammation of the dental pulp tissue and is usually caused by bacterial infections (majorly tooth decay). The pulp comprises the blood vessels, the nerves and connective tissue which provide blood and nutrients to the tooth.

The article is curated to help you understand Pulpitis in detail. Here is what the article will cover:

1. What is Pulpitis
2. Types of Pulpitis
3.0Signs and Symptoms of Pulpitis
4. Causes of Pulpitis
5. How is Pulpitis Diagnosed
6. Treatment for Pulpitis

What is Pulpitis

As stated at the onset, Pulpitis is a dental condition that results in an inflamed dental pulp. The dental pulp is a vital part of the tooth structure, originating at the centre of the tooth, underneath the enamel layer and the dentin layer (the material that helps to support the structure of the tooth).

The dental pulp has important functions: 

• Sensory function: Any pain from differences in temperature, tooth trauma or pressure are caused by stimulation of the pulp.

• Formation of dentin: The dental pulp is responsible for the formation of dentin. 

• Nutrients and nourishment: The blood vessels in the pulp are responsible for providing the necessary nutrients to the tooth. 

If Pulpitis is left untreated, it can also cause an infection at the root of your tooth, which is known as an abscess. It's important to see your dentist at the earliest possible if you think you have Pulpitis.

Signs and Symptoms of Pulpitis

The severity of the symptoms depends on the type of Pulpitis. Reversible Pulpitis typically causes mild symptoms. While irreversible Pulpitis may cause severe pain and is long-lasting.

Here are a few common symptoms of Pulpitis:
 

• sharp and  throbbing tooth pain

• sensitivity to hot, cold food and beverages

• inflammation of the tooth

• a fever (very common in severe cases)

• unpleasant taste in the mouth or bad breath

• difficulty eating and chewing

• Swelling of the face and cheeks

• swollen lymph nodes

Causes of Pulpitis

The most common cause of Pulpitis is a bacterial infection, however, the causes are generally categorised into physical, chemical and bacterial. 

• Physical causes of Pulpitis (mechanical injury or thermal injury): Mechanical injury is majorly caused due to dental trauma. For example, habits like bruxism (grinding of teeth at night), using foreign objects like hairpins, needles, are among the causes of tooth trauma. Besides this, certain dental treatments could also cause dental trauma, treatments where the pulp is highly exposed. 

An example of thermal injury would be the heat produced during the polishing of a tooth filling which affects the dental pulp and damages it.
Other physical causes include cracked or chipped tooth or tooth fracture. 

• Chemical causes of Pulpitis: excessive use of desensitizing toothpaste, or pulp reaction to components like arsenic present in silicate used in tooth restorations.

• Bacterial infection is the most common cause of pulpitis.

These irritants cause reversible Pulpitis initially, however, If the pulp continues to be inflamed, the Pulpitis will become irreversible, which may eventually lead to a dead tooth. 

How is Pulpitis Diagnosed

Diagnosis is based on the history and physical examination of the patient. X-rays are also used to determine the inflammation and other valid tooth conditions that help the dentist understand the severity of the case. 

Here are a few tests that are done for diagnosing Pulpitis

• Sensitivity test: To check if hot or cold stimuli causes any pain or discomfort.

• Tooth tap test: This test is done to test the level of inflammation. An instrument is used to gently tap on the tooth. 

• Electric pulp test: An electrical charge is delivered to the pulp. If the patient feels the small electrical charge delivered to the tooth, the pulp is alive and reversible. 

Treatment
The treatment depends on the type of Pulpitis. There are two types of Pulpitis:

Reversible Pulpitis: 
Reversible Pulpitis is the condition in which the dental pulp is inflamed, but reverts to normal once the person treats the underlying cause of the inflammation. 

Consult the dentist at Sakra World Hospital for reversible pulpitis treatment in Bangalore.

For example: If the damage to the tooth is caused by a cavity or a fracture, the dentist may repair the tooth to protect the pulp. Once the source of irritation is fixed, the pulp should return back to normal. In this type of Pulpitis, the inflammation of the pulp tissue is generally mild to moderate. Although reversible Pulpitis is quick to heal, periodic evaluation is necessary to ensure the complete healing of the condition.

Looking for the best dentist in Bangalore for pulpitis treatment, then consult the Sakra World Hospital, the best dental hospital in Bangalore.

Irreversible Pulpitis: 

Irreversible Pulpitis means the nerve has been damaged beyond repair, and the inflammation in the pulp cannot be reversed. The root canal and complete tooth removal are the options a dentist will inform you about. However, tooth removal is not the first line of treatment if the tooth can be saved. A root canal will remove the infected pulp and once this treatment is done, the pulp will not regenerate inside your tooth, and the tooth is then a non-vital tooth. 

To prevent Pulpitis, practice and maintain good oral hygiene, this will remove the bad bacteria from the mouth. If left untreated, Pulpitis can lead to complications such as dental abscess, which is an infection in the bone or soft tissues and is the reason for the formation of pus beside the tooth.

Our team of dental professionals will always advise you to see the dentist at the first sign of pain, sensitivity, or inflammation in the mouth. And yes, never miss your regular dental checks.

Malocclusion of the Teeth - What you need to know

Everyone wants to have good dental health. While most of us do not face severe dental health problems, the majority of people face the problem of Malocclusion of Teeth. 

What Is Malocclusion?

Malocclusion! You might have probably not heard of this term often (unless you hang out with orthodontists!). Malocclusion is nothing but the misalignment of teeth. It is a common musculoskeletal problem. 

To put it in simpler terms - Your upper teeth are meant to fit slightly over your lower teeth, and the points of your upper molars fitting into the grooves of your lower molars. When this alignment doesn’t occur, the result is Malocclusion. For people suffering from severe malocclusion, it is difficult to perform basic functions like chewing or biting and moreover, it can affect their oral and digestive health too if left untreated. 

To technically understand, Malocclusion means there is a deflection from the normal alignment of the teeth to other teeth in the same arch or to the teeth in the opposing arch.

Unlike periodontitis and dental caries, malocclusion is not a disease; most people experience malocclusions in some form due to genetic factors or poor oral hygiene.

Malocclusion is manifested in many ways - crowded teeth, crossbite, overbite, underbite and open bite.
Consult the dentist at Sakra World Hospital for malocclusion treatment in Bangalore.

Types of Malocclusion

1. Overcrowding

This is the most common type of Malocclusion. Smaller jaw size is the main reason for the overcrowding of teeth. This results in teeth that are crooked and overlapped.

2. Overjet

When the top teeth extend past the bottom teeth, horizontally, it is known as an overjet. People having an overjet face difficulty eating and while speaking.

3. Overbite

When the upper teeth extend past the bottom teeth by more than 2-3mm, overbite occurs. In some cases, it can cause the front teeth to bite down onto your gums!

4. Crossbite

Crossbites occur when the upper teeth are misaligned in a way that they bite or sit on the insides of the lower teeth. 

5. Anterior crossbite (underbite)

Anterior crossbites happen when the lower front teeth extend beyond the upper front teeth, this is more commonly known as an underbite.

6. Spacing

All teeth are supposed to be adjacent to each other. Spacing can occur between two or more teeth due to missing teeth, small teeth, or thumb sucking.

7. Diastema

A diastema is just a single gap or space that occurs between two teeth, mostly the upper front teeth. 
Impacted tooth

A tooth that has failed to erupt through the gum normally. This causes spacing issues for the surrounding teeth

Why is Misalignment of teeth a problem?

• It can cause problems when you chew and speak

• It can increase the risk of gum disease and tooth decay

• It strains the jaws, and muscles, increasing the risk of tooth fracture or break

• Can affect self-esteem and well-being

What Causes Malocclusion?

Malocclusion is usually a genetic predisposition. However, there are other causes too:

• childhood defects like cleft palate

• sucking of thumb and frequent use of a pacifier in children under the age of 4

• prolonged use of bottle feeding in early childhood

• Frequent or constant oral breathing

• tumors in the mouth or jaw

• lack of calcium and other nutrients 

• impacted teeth

• poor dental care 

• Facial injury

• Smaller jaw size can cause crowding

There could be other possible causes of Malocclusion, however, these are the ones that are most common. 
What are the Symptoms of Malocclusion?

Depending on the type the symptom might be subtle or severe. The symptoms of malocclusion can include, but is not limited to:

• visible irregular alignment of teeth

• inability to chew food properly

• biting the inner cheeks or tongue frequently

• speech problems 

• change in the appearance of the face 

• breathing from the mouth instead of the nose

Diagnosing and Classifying Malocclusions

Routine dental examinations are the most common way by which dentists will be able to detect Malocclusion. Other examinations like X-rays will be conducted to check for the severity. Treatment will depend on the severity and classification of Malocclusion. 

There are three major classes of malocclusion diagnosis:

Class 1

This is diagnosed when the upper teeth overlap the lower teeth. In this type of malocclusion, the overlap is slight and the bite is normal.

Class 2

This is diagnosed when a severe overbite is present. This means that the upper teeth and jaw significantly overlap the lower jaw and teeth.

Class 3

This is diagnosed when there’s a severe underbite. This condition is known as prognathism which means the lower jaw protrudes forward. 

What is the treatment for Malocclusion? 

Mild malocclusion does not require any treatment. However, if your case is severe you need to visit an orthodontist. Depending on your type of malocclusion, the orthodontist will recommend various treatments. These can include:

• Braces (wired or clear aligners) to correct the position of the teeth

• Removal of teeth to fix overcrowding

• Bonding, reshaping, or capping of teeth

• surgery to reshape the jaw

• Use of the plates or wires to stabilize the jaw bone

Misaligned teeth are a common problem experienced by all ages. As mentioned earlier, minor alignment does not need attention and hence,  the decision to correct misaligned teeth is a personal one. However, severe cases should not be disregarded as they can cause major complications to your health. At Sakra, our team of Orthodontists are trained to give you a beautiful, healthy smile at any age.

Looking for an orthodontist in Bangalore, then consult the Sakra World Hospital, the best dental hospital in Bangalore for the treatment of malocclusion.

What is Gingivitis and How to Treat it?

What is Gingivitis and how to treat it?

Gingivitis is a type of common and mild gum disease that may cause irritation, redness, and swelling of your gums or gingiva, the part of your gums surrounding the base of your teeth.

If Gingivitis is not treated it may lead to periodontitis. It is a form of gum disease that can increase the risk and damage the soft tissue and bone that supports the teeth.

Research shows that there is a great prevalence of gingivitis and periodontitis in the Indian population. It is seen that 95% of the Indian population suffers from periodontal disease. 
This is an alarming concern as it is one of the key reasons for tooth loss in our country.

What are the common causes of Gingivitis?

Gingivitis is the result of the build-up of plaque. Plaque is a sticky film containing bacteria located on the teeth and gums. As plaque advances, it hardens and becomes tartar. The bacteria found in plaque can produce toxins that can irritate the gums and cause them to become red, inflamed, swollen, and even cause them to bleed. 

Common causes of gingivitis are:

Poor oral hygiene: Improper brushing or lack of brushing and flossing results in the accumulation of plaque and tartar. This is one of the most common causes of gingivitis.

Smoking: This causes an increase in the number of pockets that form in the gums and worsens the gum health and results in multiple gum infections.

Hormonal changes: This can make you more vulnerable to gum disease and increase gum irritation and sensitivity.
Diabetes: It is observed that people with diabetes are at a higher risk for gum disease. This is mainly because it reduces the body's ability to get rid of and fight against harmful mouth bacteria.

Deficiencies: A deficiency in Vitamin C could lead to gum disease and gingivitis.

Stress: When the body is under stress it struggles to fight against bacteria and eliminate them. This could result in several health conditions including gingivitis.

Other underlying illnesses: Gingivitis could also be a symptom of other underlying health conditions such as leukaemia, HIV/AIDS or cancer.

Improper dental care: Broken fillings, improper dental appliances or crooked teeth can also result in gingivitis.
Genetic factors: If there is a family history of gingivitis, there is a high chance that you may develop gingivitis as well.

What are the signs and symptoms?

Here are some underlying signs and symptoms of gingivitis:

• Bad breath

• Gums that bleed

• Bright red gums

• Inflammation of the gum tissues

• Receding gum line

• Bleeding of the gums while brushing 

What are the home remedies to treat gingivitis?

Good oral hygiene: To maintain good oral health, it is important to brush and floss regularly. Use a soft-bristled toothbrush and rinse your mouth after every meal.

Saltwater rinse: Salt can act as a disinfectant and soothe bleeding gums. Add half a teaspoon of salt to a glass of lukewarm water and mix it. Swish the solution in your mouth for a couple of seconds and spit the solution.

Diet: Avoid sugary foods and beverages and incorporate calcium-rich foods in your diet.

Vitamin C: Include Vitamin C in your diet for overall gum health. Oranges, Mango, Kiwi and Papaya are good sources of Vitamin C.

Turmeric: Turmeric gel can be used for fighting infections thanks to its anti-inflammatory and anti-fungal properties. To treat gingivitis, apply the gel on the gums and leave for 10 minutes and rinse. 

Oil pulling: Swishing a few tablespoons of coconut oil and spitting it out is known to improve overall gum health. It helps in getting rid of some toxins and bacteria.

Anti-bacterial mouthwashes: Use an anti-bacterial mouth wash as part of your oral care. It helps in getting rid of bacteria that are difficult to reach with a toothbrush or floss.

How does a dentist treat Gingivitis?

Several treatments can be performed by the dental professional based on the severity of the gum disease. The dentist can perform:

Professional dental cleaning: A professional cleaning is performed to remove plaque and tartar above and below the gum line. It is however not a treatment for gum disease but can serve as a preventive measure.

Scaling and root planing: This is a deep clean process performed under a local anaesthetic. It helps in getting rid of plaque and tartar above and below the gum line as well as smoothens the roots. This helps in getting rid of the bacteria and aids the gums to re-attach to the teeth.

Tissue grafts and tissue regeneration: This procedure helps to bridge the areas where the gums have receded. The graft tissue, most often taken from the palate, is sewn into place, adding tissue to the affected area.
Tissue regeneration is carried out when the bone that supports the teeth has been destroyed. This procedure promotes the growth of bone and gum tissue. 

Bone surgery: This process involves the smoothening of shallow craters in the bone. Reshaping the bone around the teeth helps in decreasing the craters and makes it more difficult for the bacteria to collect and grow.

Book an appointment with your dentist if you notice any signs of gingivitis and the home remedies doesn't seem to help. It is important to schedule regular check-ups with your dentist to avoid dental problems and to improve your oral health. 
Watch this video where one of the patients at dental solutions, Irshad Ahmed shares his experience after successfully undergoing treatment for Gingivitis.
Visit the dental clinic if you feel you have gums-related problems or gingivitis. Sakra World Hospital provides gum and gingivitis treatment in Bangalore having the best dentists to take care of you. 

Diet is More Important Than Brushing

Mouth-body connection is the best way to monitor our health — and that our diet is the cause of many problems in our mouth including rotten teeth to inflamed gums. Tooth tissue loss is a common condition and is a pathological, non-carious irreversible loss of tooth tissue, often having a multifactorial aetiology.  Dietary counselling that aims to reduce the intake of products that can exacerbate tooth wear needs to be tailored to an individual.

The diet and food combinations:  It is well known that dietary substances such as soft drinks and abrasive foods cause tooth structure loss. The curried food and alcoholic beverages citrus food are all acidic in nature and cause erosion of tooth structure.  Vegetable oils and white flour are refined carbs, so anything with white flour has a very similar metabolic effect to sugar by creating cavities.

Saliva:  Individuals with salivary gland disorders often find themselves having poor oral hygiene with multiple cavities. Saliva plays an important role in maintaining the integrity of tooth structure. The saliva creates an instant buffering effect against the acidic food challenges and could therefore reduce the foodstuffs erosive potential. Nutrient-dense foods, low in empty calories, processed sugars, acidic ingredients, and artificial sugars, help promote healthy saliva that can protect teeth throughout the day.

Brushing:  Brush twice a day for at least two minutes, morning and night.
The force applied, toothpaste concentration, brushing technique and model of brush all play an important role in tooth structure loss. We should be using a soft bristle with a flexible head toothbrush which should be regularly changed after 3 months of use.  Toothpaste containing fluoride have been shown to help reduce and prevent tooth structure loss. 
If you are having a problem with chewing food or if you have cavities then consult the best dentist in Bangalore.

Skara World Hospital is the best dental hospital in Bangalore having best orthodontists in Bangalore experienced in Fillings & Root Canal Treatment, Bridges, Crowns & Dentures, Dental Implants, Braces & Aligners, Smile Makeover, Advanced Gum Treatment, Paediatric Dentistry, Oral Medicine, Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Cancer Rehabilitation.

Low Level Laser Therapy: An Untapped Resource in Dentistry

Low Level Laser Therapy: An Untapped Resource in Dentistry

Wounds involving the oral mucosa and jaw bones are commonly encountered in oral surgical practice. Tooth extraction is the most common surgical procedure performed by dentists or oro-Maxillofacial surgeon.

One of the most important and common complications following tooth extraction is dry socket. This phenomenon occurs when a blood clot dissolves and consequently, the exposure of alveolar bone happens. Dry socket is marked by severe and progressive pain, halitosis, regional lymphadenitis, and activity reduction. It is mostly prevalent in surgical extraction of mandibular third molar. These complications reach their maximal at 12–48 h after surgery, but may completely resolve in 5–7 days .Also, due to its anatomical location in the mouth, the wound surface of the extracted socket is frequently disturbed by the mouth activities, which may lead to postoperative complaints by the patients rather than the surgery itself.

The applications of low power laser therapy in dentistry have been addressed by several studies. It is suggested that low-level laser therapy (LLLT) has several beneficial effects

•  reduction of pain and the inflammatory process 

•  accelerated wound healing 

•  anti-inflammatory

•  biostimulant effects 

Laser irradiation will significantly decrease pain, swelling, bruising and inflammation after an extraction thus requiring a decreased (or eliminated) need for post-operative analgesics when compared to conventional surgical extraction procedure. The speed of healing of the extraction site will also be increased and there will be a reduced likelihood of a dry socket (although in cases where a dry socket does occur, LLLT will dramatically decrease the pain and stimulate the covering of the exposed bone through the stimulation of fibroblasts).

One of the mechanisms proposed to be concerning the cellular effect of laser therapy is the capability of laser photons to change cellular metabolism. LLLT is suggested to act on mitochondria by removing nitric oxide from the respiratory chain, thus increasing the levels of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and reactive oxygen species. As a result of these high levels of ATP (the energy currency for a cell), the metabolism and function of the cell increases in wounded, ischemic, or poorly perfused tissues.

Laser energy could enhance osteoblastic proliferation, collagen synthesis by fibroblast, activation of the lymphatic system, the proliferation of epithelial cells and fibroblast, increased angiogenesis and bone formation. Laser therapy could amplify the oral wound healing process by stimulating cell regeneration after injury, attenuating pain, and modulating the immune system.
LLLT requires a paradigm shift; instead of using drugs to treat the pain after it has started, a dentist now has the opportunity to start the pain management procedure immediately in the dental office. Also, in conventional surgical extraction procedure, wound healing and pain management will take a longer duration when compared to low-level laser therapy.

In an ageing population that is becoming wary of the over-prescription of pharmaceuticals which often carry harmful side effects, laser therapy is an effective alternate or adjunctive tool to achieve improved clinical effects.

The dental department of Sakra world hospital is well equipped with recent advances in laser technology where patients can avail this benefit of low-level laser therapy after post-surgical extraction procedure.

Lasers in Incision and Its Influence on Post Operative Complications in Surgical Removal of Teeth

Surgical removal of impacted teeth is one of the most common procedures performed by oral and maxillofacial surgeons. It involves the manipulation of both hard and soft tissue that can cause several postoperative complications. Pain, swelling, trismus is the most commonest postoperative (post-op) discomforts that affect the post-operative quality of a patient’s life following the surgical removal of the mandibular third molar.

Flap design and incision is one of the factors influencing the severity of these complications. The incision of the mucosa, the reflection of a mucoperiosteal flap and the surgical time are the general factors related to post-operative complications and therefore they should be reduced to improve the post-operative quality of the life of the patient. 

Scalpel, electrocautery and laser system are commonly utilized as effective tool in soft tissue surgeries. The most common tool is scalpel. The main drawback of the scalpel is that they do not provide haemostasis, which is an important key factor in the highly vascularised region like oral cavity. Therefore, there arises a need for an alternative for the soft tissue surgeries.

 Laser is a monochromatic, collimated, coherent, and intense beam of light produced by stimulated emission of radiation of light source. Benefits of laser incision over scalpel are as follows:

•  Laser incision provides excellent accessibility and visibility to the surgical site at the time of surgical procedure. 

•  Time required for performing surgery-using Laser incision is less as compared to scalpel incision. 

•  The Laser incision proved to be least affecting the post-operative mouth opening, swelling.

•  Post-operative mouth opening, post-operative swelling and post- operative wound healing was affected more adversely with the use of scalpel incision while these parameters were least adversely affected with the use of laser incision.

•  Postoperative wound healing is excellent followed by incision with Laser.

•  Intra operative bleeding is highly reduced by the use of lasers.

Several trials have been used to prevent the occurrence of these complications by alteration in the surgical operative technique and reducing trauma as possible, by the administration of local or systemic corticosteroids and anti-inflammatory drugs, different types of incisions and Laser therapy.

It can be concluded that incision with lasers is more preferred when compared to scalpel incision considering its influence on post operative complications during surgical removal of teeth.

The dental department of Sakra world hospital is well equipped with recent advances in laser technology where patients can avail this benefit of laser incision during extraction procedure.

All you need to know about Invisalign Braces

What are Invisalign braces?

Everybody deserves a great smile, but a lot of us are either embarrassed or need help with the perfect smile. In recent years, a lot of people are using clear orthodontic devices called clear aligners to straighten their teeth and get that beautiful smile. Unlike braces that use brackets with metal and wires to straighten the teeth; Aligners are a series of tight-fitting custom-made mouthpieces that slip over the teeth and Invisalign is the largest producer of clear aligners

Invisalign is an orthodontic treatment that helps to straighten teeth without the use of typical metal braces. Invisalign has quickly revolutionized the orthodontics world.

The aligners are customized and made of plastic and are formed as a removable tray to fit the mold of a patient’s mouth. Since they are made from transparent material, people do not notice them easily, this is one advantage of wearing Invisalign clear aligners. 

Types of Invisalign we offer at Sakra World  Hospital Bangalore

Invisalign come in various types:

Invisalign Full

This is the most commonly prescribed treatment - mostly preferred for complex cases and includes several aligners throughout the course. The complete treatment period normally takes around 12-18 months.

Lite Invisalign

This type of Invisalign is best suited for cases that are not very severe or are moderate, also this treatment is mostly combined with crowns. Unlike Invisalign Full, where there is an unlimited number of aligners, Invisalign Lite has a limited number of aligners provided.  When using this type of Invisalign, the treatment usually takes around 3-7 months.

Invisalign Express 

It is recommended for a mild correction and is a faster and cheaper option of Invisalign - provides 10 aligner trays. The treatment involves two lengths: one makes use of 5 aligners and takes around 3 months, while the other uses up to 10 aligners and a time of around 6 months.

Invisalign Teen :

The name itself makes these aligners obvious - a great option for teenagers because of the constant shifting of their teeth to help them in the teeth straightening process at a young age. During the teen period, the teeth are not fully developed, hence, making it the right time to fix any alignment issues.

This treatment includes six complimentary replacements for dental aligners. 

While these provide an overview of the type of Invisalign aligners available, the type that will best suit your need should be discussed with an orthodontist who will explain you through each option and how they can help your particular case. Since every patient is different, it is best to speak to a knowledgeable professional orthodontist in Bangalore.

How Long Does It Take For Invisalign To Work?

Invisalign treatments are based on the severity of the case and the type of Invisalign you will be using, most of the cases take around 12-14 months and some even longer. Each patient will have a different treatment period. 

Advantages Of Invisalign

The different advantages of using Invisalign are:

1. They are invisible, so it is not obvious when you smile.
2. Can be used no matter how severe the case, sometimes used in combination with dental crowns
3. Invisalign can be removed easily - hence making it easier for you to brush, floss and bite your food
4. The probability of having an injury is minimal as Invisalign does not use metal brackets and wires 
5. Requires fewer visits to the dental clinic
6. Less discomfort 
7. The effect can be seen at regular intervals. 

At Sakra World Hospital Bangalore,  we offer complete Invisalign treatment - we are among the best Invisalign treatment centers in Bangalore. Looking for an Invisalign treatment in Bangalore? Contact us and schedule an appointment, our dental professionals will examine your condition and suggest the required type of treatment.

How To Treat Bleeding Gums - Sakra Hospital

Bleeding gums are inflamed or irritated pink tissue around the mouth which bleed easily. Bleeding gums is a common problem of oral health. If your gums bleed while brushing or flossing, you might shrug it off thinking it is normal, but bleeding from the gums could at times signal an underlying problem.

Signs and symptoms of bleeding gums

1. Red coloured stain on your toothbrush after brushing.
2. Slight blood when chewing gums
3. Blood visible on teeth or lips.
4. When you spit out saliva blood traces can be seen.
5. Mouth Sores
6. Lump on gums
7. Loose teeth or teeth appear longer.
8. Receding gums
9. Excessive pain while chewing food or after eating crunchy foods.

Causes of Bleeding Gums

1. Brushing too vigorously
2. Using a toothbrush with hard bristles.
3. Dentures or retainers which are not fitted properly.
4. Bacterial infection in the tooth or gums.
5. Hereditary. 
6. Use of blood-thinning medicines 
7. Gum bleeding is also caused due to poor lifestyle such as poor eating habits. Consuming a lot of sugary foods and not maintaining proper dental hygiene as this makes way for the bacteria to grow and causes swollen gums.
8. Smoking irritates gums and leads to bleeding gums.
9. Sometimes pregnancy could also be the cause of bleeding gums

Treatment for Bleeding Gums - How to stop bleeding gums?

The main reason for bleeding gums is inadequate oral health care - Hence, oral care has to be given priority. There are ways which will help one to improve oral health care and get rid of bleeding gums.

1. Brushing regularly and Flossing Daily

Make sure you are using a soft-bristle toothbrush. Brushing twice a day for at least 2 minutes, this will help stimulate your gums, strengthen the tissues and prevent bleeding gums. Flossing helps in removing plaque and food particles stuck along the gum line which could otherwise lead to bleeding gums. Improving the method of flossing and changing the toothbrush every 2 months will contribute to keeping gums healthy. 

2. Quit smoking

In addition to heightening the risk of lung cancer, heart disease, and stroke, smoking is also linked to gum disease. Smoking is a major cause of severe gum disease and can lower your body’s immune system, making it harder for your body to fight off plaque bacteria. 

3. Visit the Dentist Regularly

Regular cleaning at a dental clinic is very essential. The cleaning involves the removal of tartar and other plaques. Professional cleaning by a dentist at least twice a year prevents gum disease. 

4. Maintaining a Balanced Lifestyle

Eating a proper and balanced diet is very important - avoid eating between meals. Eat food rich in vitamin C and K like oranges, carrots, spinach, etc. Reducing anxiety and stress can also help in preventing bleeding gums. How? There is a link between periodontal disease and emotional stress. Emotional stress has a negative impact on the immune system. This may result in weakening of the body’s defences to the point where it can’t fight gum infection.

5. Use of medications

Use antibiotics pills or antiseptic mouthwash to maintain your oral hygiene. In case the gums have become little inflamed but are not bleeding antibacterial mouthwash, toothpaste or oral gel can help you fight the onset of the infection and prevent bleeding gums.

6. Rinse your mouth with saltwater

Regularly rinsing the mouth with a mixture of warm salt water reduces bacteria and stops gum bleeding. If bleeding is from an injury or trauma, rinsing with a saltwater mixture also keeps your mouth clean and removes bacteria that could cause wound infection.
 

How to care for your baby's gums and emerging teeth

There’s nothing more heartwarming than a baby’s toothless grin. Except maybe the smile of a baby with healthy teeth and gums. After all, just because we call them ‘baby teeth’ doesn’t mean they don’t require dental care.

All babies are actually born with a complete set of these baby or ‘milk’ teeth. These early teeth are present within the gums and start to appear when the baby is about 6 to 10 months old, sometimes earlier and sometimes later. Hence it is very important to take good care of your baby’s gums.

How to keep your baby’s gums healthy?

Gums or gum pads are generally one of the most commonly neglected areas in terms of hygiene in babies, owing to assumptions of  ‘no teeth so no need to clean’.  On the contrary, it’s very important to keep them clean and healthy. Wiping them with a piece of gauze or muslin cloth dipped in plain water will help in wiping away any milk or food debris stuck on to the gums. Clean gum pads and good oral hygiene right from the beginning will ensure a positive environment for the erupting teeth in a later stage. 

What should you know about your baby’s first tooth?

Your baby’s first tooth can erupt anytime as early as 6-7 months or as late as 12-13 months. There is no ‘exact’ age that can be decided for the eruption of the first tooth and it will vary from one child to other.

Most often it will be the lower front teeth that will first appear in the mouth. During this period of eruption, there is a chance your child may show signs of irritation, frequent desire to bite things, putting hard objects into the mouth, redness of the gums, thumb-sucking, gum rubbing, rashes, etc. There can be loss of appetite, crying, increased salivation, drooling, irritability, wakefulness. This is normal and is referred to as teething. Give your child something cold to bite on, like a cold carrot or teething rings that are commercially available, but make sure that these toys are cleaned and sterilized before and after every use.

It is very important to keep the mouth clean at all times at this stage to prevent germs from staying in the mouth or travelling to the stomach. As soon as the first tooth erupts, you can start the brushing process. Parents should brush their child’s teeth twice a day with a soft, age-appropriate toothbrush and gentle toothpaste designed for infants and toddlers.

It would be ideal to visit a paediatric dentist at this age, as they will be able to guide you through the correct way of keeping your child’s mouth healthy. Remember that it is always better to initiate preventive procedures early on, rather than going through reparative procedures later due to neglect at this stage.

Another important thing to be aware of is that sometimes your child may be born with a tooth in the mouth or a tooth may appear within the first 2-3 months. In such a scenario, contact a pediatric dentist as soon as possible and they will guide you through the caretaking process.

7 signs that your child has a dental infection

The occurrence of cavities in children is considered a disease called EARLY CHILDHOOD CARIES. Signs and symptoms include:

1. The appearance of dark colour on the tooth (brown or black).
2. Sensitivity/pain on chewing food or eating sweet foods.
3. Severe toothache, toothache at night.
4. Swollen gums, small pus-filled swelling near the tooth on the gums.
5. Not allowing you to brush his/her teeth due to sensitivity, weakening or chipping of teeth.
6. Inability to eat, refraining from eating hard food items
7. In severe cases, fever with swelling restricts normal functions of the mouth.

Remember that a child will not be able to express discomfort like an adult; therefore it is the responsibility of the parent to carefully note for any of the above changes at an early stage and bring it to the dentist’s notice.

Decay in children is not only because of sweets or chocolate. Consistent oral hygiene measures can avoid all kinds of dental infection.

Few things you may not know about paediatric dentistry

Paediatric dentistry is a branch of dentistry that is dedicated to providing care for children from infancy to adolescence. We also cater to children with any special healthcare needs.

Paediatric dentistry aims at providing preventive oral health care, to prevent cavities from occurring in the delicate milk teeth so that your children can grow into adults with a strong permanent set of teeth.

A lot of dental problems such as malalignment of teeth can be identified at an earlier age by the paediatric dentist and can be corrected early and the future need for braces or severity of orthodontic treatment may be reduced.

Since paediatric dentists are specially trained in handling children, the type of treatment and management of the patient in the clinic is very different from adults. We understand that kids are not merely ‘small adults’ and need a special kind of care. We also understand your concern as a parent and do our best to reassure and guide parents on good oral hygiene for their child.

Prevent gum disease for a perfect smile

Gingivitis is a condition in which there is inflammation of the gums or gingiva. It is caused by a layer of plaque or bacteria accumulating on the teeth. Gingivitis is a common type of periodontal disease. It can progress to a gum infection called periodontitis which is serious and can eventually lead to loss of teeth.

Signs of GINGIVITIS include red, swollen gums that bleed easily when the person brushes their teeth. Gingivitis treatment can be initiated by improving oral hygiene, such as brushing and flossing regularly. Gingivitis symptoms are mild in the beginning but the condition should be taken seriously and addressed immediately.

There are two main types of Gingival diseases:

1. Dental plaque-induced gum disease caused by plaque accumulation, medications or malnutrition.

2. Non-plaque induced gum disease which can - develop due to a number of different causes such as a bacterial, viral, or fungal infection; genetic factors, systemic conditions, wounds, or reactions to foreign bodies. 

Causes of Gingivitis

1. Gingivitis is a condition in which there is a build-up of bacterial plaque over the teeth. The plaque sets off an immune response which causes the destruction of gum tissue. As it progresses,  it can lead to further complications, including tooth decay and loss of teeth.

2. Dental plaque is a thin layer of biofilm that accumulates naturally on the teeth. This plaque is generated by bacteria that attempt to adhere to the tooth surface.

These biofilm bacteria might help to protect the mouth from the colonization of harmful microorganisms, but dental plaque can also cause tooth decay, and periodontal problems such as gingivitis and chronic periodontitis, a gum infection.

When plaque is not removed adequately, it turns into calculus, or tartar, which collects at the base of the teeth, near the gums. Tartar has a yellow colour and it can only be removed professionally by a periodontist.
Plaque and tartar irritate the gums, causing gum infection and inflammation around the base of the teeth which causes bleeding gums.

Other causes and risk factors

1. Hormonal changes: This may occur during puberty, menopause, the menstrual cycle, and pregnancy. The gingiva might become more sensitive, raising the risk of inflammation.

2. Diseases: certain cancers, diabetes, heart disease, and autoimmune conditions.

3. Drugs: Oral health may be affected by some medications, especially if saliva flow is reduced. Dilantin, an anticonvulsant, and some antianginal medications can cause abnormal growth of gum tissue.

4. Smoking: Regular smokers more commonly develop gingivitis.

5. Age: The risk of gingivitis increases with age.

6. Poor diet: A vitamin-C deficiency is linked to gum disease.

7. Family history: Those with a family history of gingivitis have a higher risk of developing it. This is thought to be due to the type of bacteria we acquire during our early life.

Signs You Need to See a Periodontist

Do you think you might have the gum disease?  Take the Gum Disease Test!

How does gum disease arise?

When bacteria start to form along the gum line and between the teeth where it cannot be clearly seen is how gum disease is formed. As these bacteria start to multiply, they release toxins that can cause the gums to move away from teeth, exposing more of the teeth to plaque and tartar. This is one of the early stages of gum disease.
If not treated at an early stage and the bacteria spread to below the gum line and to the tooth area,  then it cannot be avoided with just brushing and flossing, as this is an advanced stage of gum disease where you can even lose a tooth.

How can I tell if I need to see a Periodontist?

Some of these symptoms or signs that you can look out for are:-

1. One of the first and most common signs of gum disease is when you brush and floss your gums become red and swollen or even start to bleed.

2. After you have brushed your teeth if you still have a bad breath or an unpleasant taste in your mouth it is a sign of the beginning of gum disease because the toxins released are which cause the bad breath or an unpleasant taste in your mouth.

3. Your gums start to pull away and form deep pockets between your teeth and gums.

4. Your teeth begin to shift out of their normal alignment or they feel loose.

5. You can notice changes in your bite pattern, as in your teeth become loose so they can cause differences in the way your mouth “feels” while biting or chewing food.

6. You can feel a lot of pain while eating. This is because the bacterial infection around your teeth has increased and when you bite down it puts pressure on the teeth which have the infection causing the pain.

7. When your gums start to pull away and your root area is exposed the teeth become very sensitive especially to extreme temperature and changes.

8. If you have a family history of gum disease, studies have shown some factors that contribute to gum disease may run in the family. If your parents, grandparents or a sibling have with gum disease, you should consult a periodontist

9. Dentists also say that smoking can also cause gum disease as it decreases the oxygen and nutrients needed for the gums to stay healthy. If they are not in optimal health, the gums cannot stop the infection or bacterial invasion making them more to the disease.

10. Diabetic patients tend to have high levels of sugar in their saliva and the bacteria that cause the gum disease thrive on sugar. Diabetes also decreases circulation to the gums to keep them healthy.

The Center for Disease Control and Prevention says 50% of adults above the age of 30 years have some form of gum disease.

Even if you are younger than 30 years or above 30 years of age, if you haven’t yet consulted a periodontist you should get your gums checked for the disease, and get the right gum disease treatment before the disease worsens.

Everything you should know about Dentures

A denture is a removable replacement for missing teeth and surrounding tissues. Two types of dentures are available -- complete and partial dentures. Complete dentures are used when all the teeth are missing, while partial dentures are used when some natural teeth remain.

Types of Dentures

1. Complete Dentures: can be either "conventional" or "immediate." Made after the teeth have been removed and the gum tissue has begun to heal, a conventional denture is ready for placement in the mouth about eight to 12 weeks after the teeth have been removed. Unlike conventional dentures, immediate dentures are made in advance and can be positioned as soon as the teeth are removed. As a result, the wearer does not have to be without teeth during the healing period. However, bones and gums shrink over time, especially during the healing period following tooth removal. Therefore a disadvantage of immediate dentures compared with conventional dentures is that they require more adjustments to fit properly during the healing process and generally should only be considered a temporary solution until conventional dentures can be made.

2. Partial Dentures: A removable partial denture or bridge usually consists of replacement teeth attached to a pink or gum-coloured plastic base, which is sometimes connected by metal framework that holds the denture in place in the mouth. Partial dentures are used when one or more natural teeth remain in the upper or lower jaw. A fixed bridge replaces one or more teeth by placing crowns on the teeth on either side of the space and attaching artificial teeth to them. This "bridge" is then cemented into place. Not only does a partial denture fill in the spaces created by missing teeth, but it also prevents other teeth from changing position. A precision partial denture is removable and has internal attachments rather than clasps that attach to the adjacent crowns. This is a more natural-looking appliance.

Are There Alternatives to Dentures?

Yes, dental implants can be used to support cemented bridges, eliminating the need for a denture. The cost is usually greater, but the implants and bridges more closely resemble the feel of real teeth. Dental implants are becoming the alternative to dentures but not everyone is a candidate for implants. Consult your dentist for advice.

How Are Dentures Made?

The denture development process takes a few weeks and several appointments. Once your dentist or prosthodontist (a dentist who specializes in the restoration and replacement of teeth) determines what type of appliance is best for you, the general steps are to:

1. Make a series of impressions of your jaw and take measurements of how your jaws relate to one another and how much space is between them.

2. Create models, wax forms, and/or plastic patterns in the exact shape and position of the denture to be made. You will "try-in" this model several times and the denture will be assessed for colour, shape, and fit before the final denture is cast.

3. Cast a final denture

4. Adjustments will be made as necessary

What Do New Dentures Feel Like?

New dentures may feel a little odd or loose for a few weeks until the muscles of the cheeks and tongue learn to keep them in place and you get comfortable inserting and removing them. Also, it is not unusual for minor irritation or soreness to occur and for saliva flow to increase when you first start wearing dentures, but these problems will diminish as the mouth adjusts.

Will Dentures Make Me Look Different?

Dentures are made to closely resemble your natural teeth so there should be only a small noticeable change in appearance. In fact, dentures may even improve your smile and fill out your facial appearance.

Will Eating With New Dentures Be Difficult?

Eating with new dentures will take a little practice and may be uncomfortable for some wearers for a few weeks. To get used to the new denture, start with soft foods cut into small pieces. Chew slowly using both sides of your mouth. As you get used to new dentures, add other foods until you return to a normal diet. Be cautious with hot or hard foods and sharp-edged bones or shells. And, avoid foods that are extremely sticky or hard. You should also avoid chewing gum while you wear the denture. Also, don't use toothpicks while wearing dentures.

Will Dentures Change How I Speak?

After getting dentures, you may have difficulty pronouncing certain words. If so, practice by saying the difficult words out loud. With practice and with time you will become accustomed to speaking properly with dentures.

If dentures "click" while you're talking, contact your dentist. Dentures may occasionally slip when you laugh, cough, or smile. Reposition the dentures by gently biting down and swallowing. If any speaking problem persists, consult your dentist or prosthodontist.

Are Dentures Worn 24 Hours a Day?

Your dentist or prosthodontist will instruct you as to how long to wear dentures and when to remove them. During the first several days after receiving your denture, you may be asked to wear it all the time, including while you sleep. Although this may be temporarily uncomfortable, it is the quickest way to identify the areas on the denture that may need adjustment. Once adjustments are made, you should remove dentures before going to bed. This allows gum tissues to rest and allows normal stimulation and cleansing by the tongue and saliva. The denture can be put back in the mouth in the morning.

Should I Use a Denture Adhesive?

A denture adhesive may be considered under the following circumstances:

1. To enhance satisfaction with a properly constructed denture. Adhesives enhance retention, stability, bite force, and an individual's sense of security.

2. To assist individuals with dry mouth conditions that lessen denture adherence, such as individuals taking cold medications, those with neurologic disabilities including strokes, and the elderly.

3. To provide added stability and security for those who place unusual demands on facial muscles, such as public speakers or musicians.

How Are Denture Adhesives Applied?

1. Here are some tips to consider when applying denture adhesives:

2. Use the minimum amount necessary to provide the maximum benefit. Apply less than you think you need, and then gradually increase the amount until you feel comfortable.

3. Distribute the adhesive evenly on the tissue bearing surface of the denture.

4. Apply or reapply when necessary to provide the desired effect.

5. Always apply the adhesive to a thoroughly clean denture.

6. Remember adhesives work best with a well-fitting denture.

What Are the Types of Denture Adhesives?

1. Paste application. Apply this denture adhesive to a dry or preferably wet denture. Avoid placing adhesive close to the denture borders. If the adhesive oozes, use less of the product. For dentures on the upper jaw, apply three short strips of adhesive -- or a series of small dots -- along the ridge area and one down the centre. For dentures on the lower jaw, apply three short strips of adhesive -- or a series of small dots -- in the centre of the ridge area.

2. Powder application. Sprinkle a thin, uniform layer throughout the tissue-bearing surface of the denture. Shake off excess powder and press the denture into place. Powders may be preferred over pastes because they are easier to clean off the denture and tissue. In addition, they don't have the same tendency as pastes do to "shim" (keep the denture away from the tissue).

Are Denture Adhesives Safe?

Dental adhesives are safe as long as they are used as directed. If the denture is well-fitting and the adhesive is only used to give added stability, there should be no ill effects. If adhesives are used excessively to fill voids for an ill-fitting denture, they can be harmful to the underlying soft and hard tissues. Occasionally, in these cases, inflammation of the soft tissues can result. In addition, because of its movement on the soft tissue and underlying bone, an ill-fitting denture can cause bone loss.